對數

See also: 对数

Chinese

		couple; pair; to be opposite couple; pair; to be opposite; to oppose; to face; for; to; correct (answer); to answer; to reply; to direct (towards sth); right	number; figure; to count number; figure; to count; to calculate; several; frequently; repeatedly
trad. (對數)		對	數
simp. (对数)		对	数

Etymology

The term originates from the historical use of logarithm tables as the standard computational device. The character 對／对 (duì, “corresponding; pairing”) signifies the one-to-one correspondence and pairwise appearance of a number 真數 ("true value", i.e. the antilogarithm) and its logarithm (sometimes termed 借數 or 假數, "borrowed value, substitute value") in such tables. For example,

對數比例乃西士若往訥白爾所作，以借數與真數對列成表，故名對數表。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

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对数比例乃西士若往讷白尔所作，以借数与真数对列成表，故名对数表。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: 《御製數理精蘊》 ("His Majesty's Own Essential Collection of Mathematics"), compiled in the early 18th century by Qing court scholars.

Duìshù bǐlì nǎi xīshì Ruòwǎng Nèbái'ěr suǒ zuò, yǐ jièshù yǔ zhēnshù duì liè chéng biǎo, gù míng duìshù biǎo. [Pinyin]

The method of "logarithm (of) proportions" (i.e. reducing multiplication and division to addition and subtraction) was established by the Western scholar John Napier. (In this method) the "borrowed values" were paired with the corresponding "true values" as columns in a table, which is therefore called "table of logarithms" (lit. table of paired numbers).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): duìshù

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄟˋ ㄕㄨˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): deoi³ sou³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tùi-sò͘

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: duìshù
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄨㄟˋ ㄕㄨˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: duèishù
    • Wade–Giles: tui⁴-shu⁴
    • Yale: dwèi-shù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dueyshuh
    • Palladius: дуйшу (dujšu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂu⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: deoi³ sou³
    • Yale: deui sou
    • Cantonese Pinyin: doey³ sou³
    • Guangdong Romanization: dêu³ sou³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɵy̯³³ sou̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tùi-sò͘
    • Tâi-lô: tuì-sòo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: duiesox
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tui²¹⁻⁵³ sɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tui²¹⁻⁵³ sɔ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tui¹¹⁻⁵³ sɔ¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tui²¹⁻⁴¹ sɔ²¹/

Noun

對數

1. (mathematics) logarithm

Derived terms

• 十進對數／十进对数 (shíjìn duìshù)
• 反對數／反对数 (fǎnduìshù)
• 對數函數／对数函数 (duìshùhánshù)
• 對數螺線／对数螺线 (duìshù luóxiàn)
• 常用對數／常用对数 (chángyòng duìshù)