悲咽

Chinese

		sad; sadness; sorrow sad; sadness; sorrow; grief	to swallow; to choke (in crying); narrow pass to swallow; to choke (in crying); narrow pass; throat
trad. (悲咽)		悲	咽
simp. #(悲咽)		悲	咽

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bēiyè

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄟ ㄧㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bei¹ jit³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pi-iat

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bēiyè
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄟ ㄧㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: beiyè
    • Wade–Giles: pei¹-yeh⁴
    • Yale: bēi-yè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beiyeh
    • Palladius: бэйе (bɛje)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bei¹ jit³
    • Yale: bēi yit
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bei¹ jit⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: béi¹ yid³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei̯⁵⁵ jiːt̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pi-iat
    • Tâi-lô: pi-iat
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pi'iad
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pi⁴⁴⁻²² iɛt̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pi³³ iɛt̚⁵/

Verb

悲咽

1. to sob; to weep

Synonyms

• (Min Nan) 苦切

Japanese

Kanji in this term
悲	咽
ひ Grade: 3	えつ Grade: S
on’yomi	kan’on

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ひえつ [hìétsú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [çie̞t͡sɨᵝ]

Noun

悲(ひ)咽(えつ) • (hietsu) ^{←ひえつ (fietu)?}

1. (rare) sobbing

Verb

悲(ひ)咽(えつ)する • (hietsu suru) ^{←ひえつ (fietu)?}intransitive suru (stem 悲(ひ)咽(えつ)し (hietsu shi), past 悲(ひ)咽(えつ)した (hietsu shita))

1. (rare) to sob

Conjugation

Conjugation of "悲咽する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	悲咽し	ひえつし	hietsu shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	悲咽し	ひえつし	hietsu shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	悲咽する	ひえつする	hietsu suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	悲咽する	ひえつする	hietsu suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	悲咽すれ	ひえつすれ	hietsu sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	悲咽せよ¹ 悲咽しろ²	ひえつせよ¹ ひえつしろ²	hietsu seyo¹ hietsu shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	悲咽される	ひえつされる	hietsu sareru
Causative	悲咽させる 悲咽さす	ひえつさせる ひえつさす	hietsu saseru hietsu sasu
Potential	悲咽できる	ひえつできる	hietsu dekiru
Volitional	悲咽しよう	ひえつしよう	hietsu shiyō
Negative	悲咽しない	ひえつしない	hietsu shinai
Negative continuative	悲咽せず	ひえつせず	hietsu sezu
Formal	悲咽します	ひえつします	hietsu shimasu
Perfective	悲咽した	ひえつした	hietsu shita
Conjunctive	悲咽して	ひえつして	hietsu shite
Hypothetical conditional	悲咽すれば	ひえつすれば	hietsu sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

References

• 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014) “悲咽”, in 字通 (Jitsū)‎^[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN