enemy; match | country; state; nation | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (敵國) | 敵 | 國 | |
simp. (敌国) | 敌 | 国 |
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 敵 | 國 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 定 (7) | 見 (28) |
Final (韻) | 錫 (127) | 德 (132) |
Tone (調) | Checked (Ø) | Checked (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Open | Closed |
Division (等) | IV | I |
Fanqie | 徒歷切 | 古或切 |
Baxter | dek | kwok |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/dek̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/dek̚/ | /kʷək̚/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/dɛk̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/dɛjk̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
Li Rong |
/dek̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
Wang Li |
/diek̚/ | /kuək̚/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/dʱiek̚/ | /kwək̚/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
dí | guo |
Expected Cantonese Reflex |
dik6 | gwak1 |
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 敵 | 國 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
dí | guó |
Middle Chinese |
‹ dek › | ‹ kwok › |
Old Chinese |
/*[d]ˁek/ | /*[C.q]ʷˁək/ |
English | oppose; enemy | state (n.) |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 敵 | 國 |
Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
No. | 2340 | 5547 |
Phonetic component |
帝 | 或 |
Rime group |
錫 | 職 |
Rime subdivision |
0 | 0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
荻 | 國 |
Old Chinese |
/*deːɡ/ | /*kʷɯːɡ/ |
敵國