𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽

Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sinkwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsin.kʷan/, [ˈsiŋ.kʷan]

Verb

𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 • (sigqan)

1. to sink (descend into liquid)
   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 5.7:

     𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌱𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍅𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌼 𐌸𐍉𐌴𐌹 𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌸𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍀𐌰, 𐌴𐌹 𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌴𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 𐌷𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌶𐌴. 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌵𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌽 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌲𐌰𐍆𐌿𐌻𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌱𐌰 𐌸𐍉 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍀𐌰, 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿𐌽

     jah bandwidēdun gamanam þōei wēsun in anþaramma skipa, ei atiddjēdeina hilpan izē. jah qēmun jah gafullidēdun ba þō skipa, swē sugqun

     And they beckoned unto their partners, which were in the other ship, that they should come and help them. And they came, and filled both the ships, so that they began to sink. (KJV).

2. to set (of a heavenly body: to disappear below the horizon)

   Antonym: 𐌿𐍂𐍂𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽 (urrinnan)

   • 4th Century, Wulfila (tr.), Gothic Bible: Gospel of Luke (Codex Argenteus) 4.40:

     𐌼𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽𐌴𐌹 𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉, 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌰 𐌼𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌲𐌰𐌹 𐍃𐍅𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐍃𐌹𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽𐍃 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌷𐍄𐌹𐌼 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌰𐌻𐌴𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌹𐌼 𐌱𐍂𐌰𐌷𐍄𐌴𐌳𐌿𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐍄 𐌹𐌼𐌼𐌰; 𐌹𐌸 𐌹𐍃 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐍈𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌴𐌷 𐌹𐌶𐌴 𐌷𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐌽𐍃 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰 𐌹𐌽𐍃.

     miþþanei þan sagq sunnō, allai swa managai swē habaidēdun siukans sauhtim missaleikaim brahtēdun ins at imma; iþ is ainƕarjammēh izē handuns analagjands gahailida ins.

     Now when the sun was setting, all they that had any sick with divers diseases brought them unto him; and he laid his hands on every one of them, and healed them. (KJV).

Conjugation

Class 3 strong
Infinitive	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 sigqan
Indicative	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰 sigqa	𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵 sagq	—
2nd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌹𐍃 sigqis	𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵𐍄 sagqt	—
3rd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌸 sigqiþ	𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌵 sagq	—
1st dual	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐍉𐍃 sigqōs	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿 sugqu	—
2nd dual	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐍄𐍃 sigqats	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿𐍄𐍃 sugquts	—
1st plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌼 sigqam	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿𐌼 sugqum	—
2nd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌸 sigqiþ	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿𐌸 sugquþ	—
3rd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽𐌳 sigqand	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌿𐌽 sugqun	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past	Present passive
1st singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌿 sigqau	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌿 sugqjau	—
2nd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐍃 sigqais	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐍃 sugqeis	—
3rd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹 sigqai	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌹 sugqi	—
1st dual	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰 sigqaiwa	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐍅𐌰 sugqeiwa	—
2nd dual	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍃 sigqaits	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 sugqeits	—
1st plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐌼𐌰 sigqaima	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌼𐌰 sugqeima	—
2nd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐌸 sigqaiþ	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌸 sugqeiþ	—
3rd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰 sigqaina	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌴𐌹𐌽𐌰 sugqeina	—
Imperative
2nd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵 sigq
3rd singular	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌿 sigqadau
2nd dual	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐍄𐍃 sigqats
2nd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌹𐌸 sigqiþ
3rd plural	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌿 sigqandau
	Present	Past
Participles	𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽𐌳𐍃 sigqands	𐍃𐌿𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽𐍃 sugqans

Derived terms

• 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (gasiggqan)
• 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐍃𐌹𐌲𐌵𐌰𐌽 (dissigqan)

 

Related terms

• 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌰 (saggqa, “west”)
• 𐍃𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌵𐌾𐌰𐌽 (saggqjan, “to plunge”)

See also

• 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐍀 (skip, “boat, ship”)
• 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌽𐍉 (sunnō, “Sun”)

Further reading

• Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, p. 119