Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/knūs

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From a hypothetical Pre-Celtic *knuHs, which in view of the vacillating consonantism in Germanic and Latin (from *knuds and *knuks respectively) is probably a post-PIE loanword from a European substrate language. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *hnuts, Latin nux.

Noun

*knūs f

1. nut

Inflection

Masculine/feminine consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*knūs	*knowe	*knowes
vocative	*knūs	*knowe	*knowes
accusative	*knowam	*knowe	*knowams
genitive	*knowos	*knowou	*knowom
dative	*knowei	*knowobom	*knowobos
locative	*knowi	—	—
instrumental	*knowe?	*knowobim	*knowobis

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *know pl
  • Old Breton: cnou
    • Middle Breton: cnou
      • Breton: kraou, kraoñ
  • Cornish: know
  • Middle Welsh: kneu
    • Welsh: cnau
• Old Irish: cnú
  • Irish: cnó
  • Manx: cro
  • Scottish Gaelic: cnò

References

• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 420
• Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 237-238
• Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 212