Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/alaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi, from *h₂el- (“to raise, feed, nourish”).[1] Cognate with Latin alō (“nourish”, verb)[1].

Verb[edit]

*alaną[2][3][4]

  1. to grow
  2. to grow old, to mature
  3. to breed
Inflection[edit]
Conjugation of *alaną (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų — *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw — — —
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz — —
1st plural *alamaz *alaim — *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
  • Proto-West Germanic: *alan
    • Old English: alan
  • Proto-Norse:
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (alan)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁elh₂- (“to drive, move, go”). Compare Ancient Greek ἐλαύνω (elaúnō, “move”), Latin alacer (“lively, active, brisk”), Old Irish élud (“evasion”), Irish élaim (“flee”).

Verb[edit]

*alaną

  1. to spurn, kick-start, drive, set in motion, move
Inflection[edit]
Conjugation of *alaną (strong class 6)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *alō *alaų — *alai ?
2nd singular *alizi *alaiz *al *alazai *alaizau
3rd singular *alidi *alai *aladau *aladai *alaidau
1st dual *alōz *alaiw — — —
2nd dual *aladiz *alaidiz *aladiz — —
1st plural *alamaz *alaim — *alandai *alaindau
2nd plural *alid *alaid *alid *alandai *alaindau
3rd plural *alandi *alain *alandau *alandai *alaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *ōl *ōlį̄
2nd singular *ōlt *ōlīz
3rd singular *ōl *ōlī
1st dual *ōlū *ōlīw
2nd dual *ōludiz *ōlīdiz
1st plural *ōlum *ōlīm
2nd plural *ōlud *ōlīd
3rd plural *ōlun *ōlīn
present past
participles *alandz *alanaz
Usage notes[edit]
  • This verb is not directly attested in any daughter languages. It is evinced only by possible derivatives and related terms.
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “oud”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎[1] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*alan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 19
  3. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*alanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 12
  4. ^ Seebold, Elmar (1970) “AL-A-”, in Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben (Janua Linguarum. Series practica; 85) (in German), Paris, Den Haag: Mouton, →ISBN, page 75
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