Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/brōdijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *brōduz (“warmth, breed”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbrɔː.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*brōdijaną

1. To keep warm; brood
2. To breed

Inflection

Conjugation of *brōdijaną (weak class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*brōdijō	*brōdijaų	—	*brōdijai	?
2nd singular	*brōdīsi	*brōdijais	*brōdī	*brōdijasai	*brōdijaisau
3rd singular	*brōdīþi	*brōdijai	*brōdijaþau	*brōdijaþai	*brōdijaiþau
1st dual	*brōdijōs	*brōdijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*brōdijaþiz	*brōdijaiþiz	*brōdijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*brōdijamaz	*brōdijaim	—	*brōdijanþai	*brōdijainþau
2nd plural	*brōdīþ	*brōdijaiþ	*brōdīþ	*brōdijanþai	*brōdijainþau
3rd plural	*brōdijanþi	*brōdijain	*brōdijanþau	*brōdijanþai	*brōdijainþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*brōdidǭ	*brōdidēdį̄
2nd singular	*brōdidēz	*brōdidēdīz
3rd singular	*brōdidē	*brōdidēdī
1st dual	*brōdidēdū	*brōdidēdīw
2nd dual	*brōdidēdudiz	*brōdidēdīdiz
1st plural	*brōdidēdum	*brōdidēdīm
2nd plural	*brōdidēdud	*brōdidēdīd
3rd plural	*brōdidēdun	*brōdidēdīn
	present	past
participles	*brōdijandz	*brōdidaz

Descendants

• Old English: brēdan
  • Middle English: breden
    • Scots: brede, breid
    • English: breed
• Old Frisian: *brēda
  • Saterland Frisian: briede
  • West Frisian: briede
• Old Saxon: *brōdian
  • Middle Low German: brôden, bröden
    • German Low German: bröden
• Old Dutch: *bruoden
  • Middle Dutch: broeden, bruden
    • Dutch: broeden
• Old High German: bruoten
  • Middle High German: brüeten
    • German: brüten
    • Hunsrik: briede
    • Luxembourgish: bréien