Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hangāną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hanhaną (“to hang”) +‎ *-āną.

Verb

*hangāną

1. (intransitive) to hang, to be suspended

Inflection

Conjugation of *hangāną (weak class 3)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hangō	?	—	?	?
2nd singular	*hangaisi	?	*hangai	*hangāsai	?
3rd singular	*hangaiþi	?	*hangāþau	*hangāþai	?
1st dual	*hangōs	?	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hangāþiz	?	*hangāþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hangāmaz	?	—	*hangānþai	?
2nd plural	*hangaiþ	?	*hangaiþ	*hangānþai	?
3rd plural	*hangānþi	?	*hangānþau	*hangānþai	?
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hangadǭ	*hangadēdį̄
2nd singular	*hangadēz	*hangadēdīz
3rd singular	*hangadē	*hangadēdī
1st dual	*hangadēdū	*hangadēdīw
2nd dual	*hangadēdudiz	*hangadēdīdiz
1st plural	*hangadēdum	*hangadēdīm
2nd plural	*hangadēdud	*hangadēdīd
3rd plural	*hangadēdun	*hangadēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hangāndz	*hangadaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hangēn
  • Old English: hangian, hongian
    • Middle English: hangen (merged with hōn)
      • English: hang
      • Scots: hangit (simple past of hing (“to execute using gallows”))
  • Old Frisian: hangia, hongia
    • Saterland Frisian: hongje
    • West Frisian: hingje
  • Old Saxon: hangon
    • Middle Low German: hangen
      • Low German: hangen
  • Old Dutch: hangon
    • Middle Dutch: hangen (merger with hān)
      • Dutch: hangen
        • Afrikaans: hang
        • Berbice Creole Dutch: hanggi
        • Negerhollands: hang, haṅ
        • → Sranan Tongo: anga
      • Limburgish: hange
  • Old High German: hangēn
    • Middle High German: hangen
      • German: hängen (merger with hāhen and hengen)
      • Switzerland German: hangen
      • >? Cimbrian: hangan
• Old Norse: hanga
  • Icelandic: hanga
  • Faroese: hanga
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: hanga, henga (merger with hengja)
  • Norwegian Bokmål: henge
  • Swedish: hänga (merger with hengja)
  • Old Danish: hængæ (merger with hengja)
    • Danish: hænge
• Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌷𐌰𐌽 (hāhān) (< *hanhāną, or a later alteration based on the homographic strong verb)