Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/likkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *liǵʰnéh₂-, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵʰ- (“to lick”). Cognate with Latin lingō (“lick”, verb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlik.kɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*likkōną

1. to lick

Inflection

The original paradigm likely consisted of two stem variants, *likk- and *lig-.

Conjugation of *likkōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*likkō	*likkǭ	—	*likkōi	?
2nd singular	*likkōsi	*likkōs	*likkō	*likkōsai	*likkōsau
3rd singular	*likkōþi	*likkō	*likkōþau	*likkōþai	*likkōþau
1st dual	*likkōs	*likkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*likkōþiz	*likkōþiz	*likkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*likkōmaz	*likkōm	—	*likkōnþai	*likkōnþau
2nd plural	*likkōþ	*likkōþ	*likkōþ	*likkōnþai	*likkōnþau
3rd plural	*likkōnþi	*likkōn	*likkōnþau	*likkōnþai	*likkōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*likkōdǭ	*likkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*likkōdēz	*likkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*likkōdē	*likkōdēdī
1st dual	*likkōdēdū	*likkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*likkōdēdudiz	*likkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*likkōdēdum	*likkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*likkōdēdud	*likkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*likkōdēdun	*likkōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*likkōndz	*likkōdaz

Related terms

• *laigōną
• *likkraz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *likkōn
  • Old English: liccian
    • Middle English: likken, licken
      • Scots: lik
      • English: lick
  • Old Frisian: *likkia, *likja
    • Saterland Frisian: likje
    • West Frisian: likke
  • Old Saxon: likkōn, lekkōn
    • Middle Low German: licken, lecken
      • Low German: licken
      • → Danish: likke
  • Old Dutch: leccon
    • Middle Dutch: lecken
      • Dutch: likken
      • Limburgish: lekke
  • Old High German: leccōn, lechhōn, lechōn
    • Middle High German: lëcken
      • German: lecken
      • Hunsrik: lecke
      • Luxembourgish: lecken
      • Vilamovian: łakia
      • Yiddish: לעקן (lekn)
  • → Old French: lekier, lescher, lechier, lecher
    • Middle French: lécher
      • French: lécher
    • → Middle English: lechen
      • English: lech
  • → Occitan: lecar, lechar
  • → Italian: leccare