Proto-Iranian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.
*cwā́
- dog
- Synonym: *kútah
Descendants[edit]
- Central Iranian:
- Northeastern Iranian:
- Khotanese: [script needed] (śve)
- Southeastern Iranian:
- Pashto: سپی m (spay), سپۍ f (spëy)
- Northwestern Iranian:
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: se
- Central Kurdish: سەگ (seg)
- Proto-Medo-Parthian: *spā́kəh
- Caspian:
- Gilaki: اسپه (əspə), سک (sək)
- Mazanderani: سک (sak)
- Old Median: σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) (see there for further descendants)
- Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃 (ʿspg /ispag/)
- Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
- Gurani: سپە (sipa)
- Zazaki: espe (aspa)
- → Proto-Slavic: *sobàka (“dog”) (< *sabā́ka-) (see there for further descendants)
- Southwestern Iranian:
- Old Persian: *sakah
- Middle Persian: (/sak, sag/)
- Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫃 (sg)
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (KLBA)
- Psalter Pahlavi script: [Psalter Pahlavi needed] (sky)
- Persian: سگ (sag)
- Northern Luri: سٱی (say)
- Tat: səy (say)