Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/layaʀ

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *layaʀ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lajaʀ/, /lajar/

Noun

*layaʀ

1. sail (a piece of fabric attached to a boat)

Descendants

• Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Central Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Central Maluku:
      • Boano (Maluku): naan
      • Manipa: leale
    • Flores–Lembata:
      • Lamaholot: laja
    • Sumba–Flores:
      • Kambera: líru
      • Komodo: lajah
      • Manggarai: lajar
      • Rembong: lazar
    • Timor–Babar:
      • Bilba: la
      • Leti (Indonesia): lara
      • Tetun Dili: laan
      • Tugun: lar
  • Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian:
    • Proto-Halmahera-Cenderawasih:
      • Sawai: lóe
      • Waropen: rararo
    • Proto-Oceanic: *layaʀ
      • Admiralty Islands:
        • Yapese: laay
      • Central-Eastern Oceanic:
        • Central Pacific:
          • Fijian: laca, laya
          • Proto-Polynesian: *la (see there for further descendants)
          • Rotuman: läe
          • Western Fijian: laca
        • Micronesian: *lea
        • Southern Oceanic:
          • Bieria: nlai
          • North Efate: nalae
      • Western Oceanic:
        • Dobu: naia
        • Hula: ra
        • Kilivila: naya
        • Lala (New Guinea): ra
        • Motu: lara
        • Wedau: nala
• Western Malayo-Polynesian:
  • Greater Barito:
    • East Barito:
      • Malagasy: lay
    • Sama-Bajaw:
      • Central Sama: leha
      • Mapun: lē
    • West Barito:
      • Ngaju: layar
  • Land Dayak:
    • Rejang: layea
  • North Borneo:
    • Central Sarawak:
      • Central Melanau: layah
    • Proto-North Sarawak:
      • Bintulu: lazeh
    • Northeast Sabah:
      • Bonggi: liaag
      • Ida'an: layag
    • Southwest Sabah:
      • Dusunic:
        • Central Dusun: layag
        • Coastal Kadazan: hazag
        • Rungus: lazag
        • Tobilung: layag
      • Paitanic:
        • Abai Sungai: layag
        • Tombonuo: layag
  • Proto-Philippine: *layaʀ
    • Central Luzon:
      • Kapampangan: layag
    • Greater Central Philippine:
      • Central Philippine:
        • Bikol Central: layag
        • Mansaka: layag
        • Tagalog: layag
        • Visayan:
          • Aklanon: eayag
          • Cebuano: layag
          • Hiligaynon: layag
          • Masbatenyo: layag
          • Waray-Waray: layag
      • Danao:
        • Maranao: layag
        • Tausug: layag
      • Gorontalo–Mongondow:
        • Kaidipang: layago
        • Mongondow: leag
      • Manobo:
        • Western Bukidnon Manobo: layag
      • South Mangyan:
        • Hanunoo: layag
    • Northern Luzon:
      • Casiguran Dumagat Agta: layag
      • Dupaningan Agta: layag
      • Ilocano: layag
    • South Mindanao:
      • Tiruray: layag
  • Celebic:
    • Lauje: layag
    • Tajio: layag
    • Totoli: leag
  • Chamorro: layak
  • Moklenic:
    • Moken: layan
  • Northwest Sumatra–Barrier Islands:
    • Toba Batak: rear
    • Nias: loyo
    • Simeulue: laeal
  • Palauan: yars
  • Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan:
    • Bali–Sasak:
      • Balinese: layah
      • Sasak: layar
    • Proto-Malayo-Chamic:
      • Proto-Chamic:
        • Acehnese: layeuë
      • Proto-Malayic: *layar
        • Iban: layar
        • Malay: layar
          • Indonesian: layar
        • Urak Lawoi': ลายัยํ (layal)
    • Sundanese: ᮜᮚᮁ (layar)

Further reading

• Blust's Austronesian Comparative Dictionary – *layaR