Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-xъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

• *-xa f, *-xo n

Etymology

Unknown.

Suffix

*-xъ m

1. Forming deverbal nouns

   *spě̀ti (“to advance, ripen, hurry”) → *spě̑xъ (“haste”)

   *smьjàti (“to laugh”) → *smě̑xъ (“laughter”)

   *dùti (“to blow”) → *dȗxъ (“breath; wiff; spirit”)

2. Forming hypocoristic nouns

   *lęděninъ (“dweller of virgin soil”) → *lęxъ

   *bràtrъ (“brother”) → *braxъ

3. Forming given name abbreviations

   *Domaslavъ → *Domaxъ

Declension

Declension of *-xъ (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-xъ	*-xa	*-śi
genitive	*-xa	*-xu	*-xъ
dative	*-xu	*-xoma	*-xomъ
accusative	*-xъ	*-xa	*-xy
instrumental	*-xъmь, *-xomь*	*-xoma	*-xy
locative	*-śě	*-xu	*-śěxъ
vocative	*-še	*-xa	*-śi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-xъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: -хъ (-xŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: -хъ (-x)
      • Belarusian: -х (-x)
      • Ukrainian: -х (-x)
    • Russian: -х (-x)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: -хъ (-xŭ)

    Glagolitic script: -ⱈⱏ (-xŭ)

  • Bulgarian: -х (-h)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: -х

    Latin script: -h

  • Slovene: -h (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: -ch
  • Old Polish: -ch
    • Polish: -ch
    • Silesian: -ch
  • Slovak: -ch