Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/juditi

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *jaudīˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *Hyowdʰ-éye-ti, causative of *Hyewdʰ- (“to be agitated”).

Verb

*jùditi

1. to agitate, to instigate, to incite

Inflection

Conjugation of *juditi, *judi, *juditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*juďenьje	*juditi	*juditъ	*judilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*juďenъ	*judimъ
Active	*juďь	*judę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*judixъ	*judi	*judi	*juďǫ	*judiši	*juditь
Dual	*judixově	*judista	*judiste	*judivě	*judita	*judite
Plural	*judixomъ	*judiste	*judišę	*judimъ	*judite	*judętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*juďaaxъ	*juďaaše	*juďaaše	—	*judi	*judi
Dual	*juďaaxově	*juďaašeta	*juďaašete	*judivě	*judita	—
Plural	*juďaaxomъ	*juďaašete	*juďaaxǫ	*judimъ	*judite	—

Notes:
• (*)*judivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old Ruthenian: *ю́дити (*júditi)
    • Belarusian: ю́дзіць (júdzicʹ)
    • Ukrainian: ю́дити (júdyty)
      • → Polish: judzić
• South Slavic
  • Bulgarian: ю́дя (júdja); йу́д'ъ (júd'ǎ), йу́ди (júdi) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: јуда (juda) (< *judati)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (< *judati)

    Cyrillic script: ју̏дати

    Latin script: jȕdati

  • Slovene: júdati (tonal orthography) (< *judati)
• West Slavic:
  • Slovak: juzic (dialectal)

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*juditi”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 191