Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lěviti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljoʔu, *leʔw, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁w-. Cognate with Latvian laũt (“to allow, stop, yield, rely on”), Lithuanian liáuti (“to stop”), Old Prussian aulaũt (“to die”).

Verb

*lěviti impf

1. to lag, to tarry
2. to linger

Conjugation

Conjugation of *lěviti, *lěvi, *lěvitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*lěvľenьje	*lěviti	*lěvitъ	*lěvilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*lěvľenъ	*lěvimъ
Active	*lěvľь	*lěvę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lěvixъ	*lěvi	*lěvi	*lěvľǫ	*lěviši	*lěvitь
Dual	*lěvixově	*lěvista	*lěviste	*lěvivě	*lěvita	*lěvite
Plural	*lěvixomъ	*lěviste	*lěvišę	*lěvimъ	*lěvite	*lěvętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*lěvľaaxъ	*lěvľaaše	*lěvľaaše	—	*lěvi	*lěvi
Dual	*lěvľaaxově	*lěvľaašeta	*lěvľaašete	*lěvivě	*lěvita	—
Plural	*lěvľaaxomъ	*lěvľaašete	*lěvľaaxǫ	*lěvimъ	*lěvite	—

Notes:
• (*)*lěvivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Related terms

• *lěvа (“torrid weather”)
• *lěvъkъ (“curled”)
• *lěvьnъ (“poorly executed, superficial”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic:
    • Ukrainian: ле́вити (lévyty) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian: (dialectal)

    Cyrillic script: ле́вити

    Latin script: léviti

• West Slavic:
  • Czech: leviti

References

• Derksen, Rick (2015) “liauti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*lěviti II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 28