Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/męzdra

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative reconstructions

• *męzdro n

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *mēmstra n (*mēmstrāˀ f), from Proto-Indo-European *mḗms-rom, from *mḗms (“flesh, meat”). Cognate with Latin membrum, Proto-Celtic *mīðrom.

Changing *-str- > *-zdr- under the influence of *dьrati.

Noun

*męzdra f

1. the inner side of a hide

Declension

Declension of *męzdra (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*męzdra	*męzdrě	*męzdry
genitive	*męzdry	*męzdru	*męzdrъ
dative	*męzdrě	*męzdrama	*męzdramъ
accusative	*męzdrǫ	*męzdrě	*męzdry
instrumental	*męzdrojǫ, *męzdrǫ**	*męzdrama	*męzdrami
locative	*męzdrě	*męzdru	*męzdrasъ, *męzdraxъ*
vocative	*męzdro	*męzdrě	*męzdry

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *męso (“meat”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: мѧздра (męzdra), мездра (mezdra), мѧждра (męždra)
    • Old Ruthenian: *мѧздра (*mjazdra), *мездра (*mezdra)
      • Belarusian: мяздра́ (mjazdrá); мездра́ (mjezdrá) (dialectal)
      • Ukrainian: міздря́ (mizdrjá); мездра́ (mezdrá) (dialectal)
    • Russian: мездра́ (mezdrá); мяздра́ (mjazdrá) (archaic, dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: мѧздра (męzdra)

    Glagolitic script: ⰿⱔⰸⰴⱃⰰ (męzdra)

  • Bulgarian: ме́здра́ (mézdrá) (dialectal, obsolete)
  • Macedonian: мездра (mezdra)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (obsolete)

    Cyrillic script: ме́здра

    Latin script: mézdra

  • Slovene: mę̑zdra, mę̑zda, mę̑dra (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: mázdra
    • Czech: mázdra, mízdra, mázgra, mízgra
  • Old Polish: miązdra, mięzdra
    • Polish: mizdra, miazdra; mięzdra (dialectal)
  • Old Slovak: mazdra
    • Slovak: miazgra; mázdra, mázra (dialectal)

References

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1972) “мяздра́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 3 (Муза – Сят), Moscow: Progress, page 29