Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/poběda

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Deverbal from *poběditi (“to bring trouble, to overwhelm”), from *běda (“misfortune”).

Noun

*pobě̀da f

1. defeat, vanquishment
2. (by abstraction, possibly spread through Old Church Slavonic) triumph, victory

   Synonym: *sъmaga

Declension

Declension of *poběda (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*poběda	*pobědě	*pobědy
genitive	*pobědy	*pobědu	*pobědъ
dative	*pobědě	*pobědama	*pobědamъ
accusative	*pobědǫ	*pobědě	*pobědy
instrumental	*pobědojǫ, *pobědǭ**	*pobědama	*pobědamī
locative	*pobědě	*pobědu	*pobědasъ, *pobědaxъ*
vocative	*pobědo	*pobědě	*pobědy

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: побѣ́да (pobě́da)
    • Old Ruthenian: побѣ́да (pobě́da), побе́да (pobéda)
      • Carpathian Rusyn: побі́да (pobída)
      • Ukrainian: побі́да (pobída) (obsolete)
    • Middle Russian: побѣ́да (pobě́da)
      • Russian: побе́да (pobéda)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: побѣда (poběda)

    Glagolitic script: ⱂⱁⰱⱑⰴⰰ (poběda)

  • Bulgarian: побе́да (pobéda)
  • Macedonian: победа (pobeda)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: по̏беда, по̏бједа

    Latin script: pȍbeda, pȍbjeda

Further reading

• Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “побі́да”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 466
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “победа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “победа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 397