Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/roditi
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *radeitei / *radi-. Cognate with Latvian radît (“to give birth to, to create”). Further connections unclear:
- Derksen doesn't see any obvious connections outside of Balto-Slavic.
- Rix (LIV) reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *(H)rodʰ-eye-ti, a causative from a putative root *(H)rodʰ-.
- Connections with Sanskrit वर्धते (várdhate, “to grow, to thrive”) are often suggested as well, although these are formally difficult because irregular loss of *-w- must occur.
Verb[edit]
*rodìti[1]
- to give birth, to bear
Inflection[edit]
Conjugation of *roditi, *rodi, *roditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *roďenьje | *roditi | *roditъ | *rodilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *roďenъ | *rodimъ |
| Active | *roďь | *rodę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *rodixъ | *rodi | *rodi | *roďǫ | *rodiši | *roditь |
| Dual | *rodixově | *rodista | *rodiste | *rodivě | *rodita | *rodite |
| Plural | *rodixomъ | *rodiste | *rodišę | *rodimъ | *rodite | *rodętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *roďaaxъ | *roďaaše | *roďaaše | — | *rodi | *rodi |
| Dual | *roďaaxově | *roďaašeta | *roďaašete | *rodivě | *rodita | — |
| Plural | *roďaaxomъ | *roďaašete | *roďaaxǫ | *rodimъ | *rodite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*rodivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms[edit]
- *rodičь (“father”)
- *roďьstvo
- *bezrodьnikъ (“stateless person”)
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
Further reading[edit]
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “роди́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “рожа́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 119
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN
Etymology 2[edit]
See *raditi.
This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Verb[edit]
*roditi[2]
Inflection[edit]
Conjugation of *roditi, *rodi, *roditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *roďenьje | *roditi | *roditъ | *rodilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *roďenъ | *rodimъ |
| Active | *roďь | *rodę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *rodixъ | *rodi | *rodi | *roďǫ | *rodiši | *roditь |
| Dual | *rodixově | *rodista | *rodiste | *rodivě | *rodita | *rodite |
| Plural | *rodixomъ | *rodiste | *rodišę | *rodimъ | *rodite | *rodętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *roďaaxъ | *roďaaše | *roďaaše | — | *rodi | *rodi |
| Dual | *roďaaxově | *roďaašeta | *roďaašete | *rodivě | *rodita | — |
| Plural | *roďaaxomъ | *roďaašete | *roďaaxǫ | *rodimъ | *rodite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*rodivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms[edit]
- *raditi (“to care about, to heed”)
Descendants[edit]
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: родити (roditi, “to care about”)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Bulgarian: родя́ (rodjá, “to care about, to observe”)
- Slovene: róditi (“to care about, to observe”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. rọ́dim (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
References[edit]
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*rodìti I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 437: “v. ‘give birth, bear (fruit)’”
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*roditi II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 437: “v. ‘care (about), heed’”