Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stǫpa

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*stǫpa (1)

*stǫpa (2)

Etymology

Borrowed from Germanic, see German Stampfe, stampfen, English stamp etc.

Noun

stǫ̀pa f

1. mortar, a vessel where ingredients are ground
2. pounding-mill, stamp-mill for grain, the contrivance where corn had to be pounded in hollow blocks before the meal mill has been invented, called by the Romans pīstrīnum and in German Stampfmühle

Declension

Declension of *stǫ̀pa (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*stǫ̀pa	*stǫ̀pě	*stǫ̀py
genitive	*stǫ̀py	*stǫ̀pu	*stǫ̀pъ
dative	*stǫ̀pě	*stǫ̀pama	*stǫ̀pamъ
accusative	*stǫ̀pǫ	*stǫ̀pě	*stǫ̀py
instrumental	*stǫ̀pojǫ, *stǫ̀pǭ**	*stǫ̀pama	*stǫ̀pamī
locative	*stǫ̀pě	*stǫ̀pu	*stǫ̀pasъ, *stǫ̀paxъ*
vocative	*stǫ̀po	*stǫ̀pě	*stǫ̀py

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: ступа (stupa)
    • Belarusian: сту́па (stúpa)
    • Russian: сту́па (stúpa)
    • Ukrainian: сту́па (stúpa)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: стѫпа (stǫpa)
  • Bulgarian: стъ́па (stǎ́pa) (dialectal)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: сту̏па

    Latin script: stȕpa

  • Slovene: stọ́pa
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: stoupa
  • Polabian: stǫpo
  • Polish: stępa
  • Slovak: stupa
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: stupa
    • Upper Sorbian: stupa

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ступа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress