Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-astrijā
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
 |
This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic[edit]
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Uncertain; multiple origins have been suggested, but none has received widespread approval.[2]
- Despite the similarity of the suffix to Vulgar Latin -istria, borrowing from it is now usually rejected because of the large number of Old English formations where this suffix is applied to native roots.
- Davis and Bammesberger derive it from earlier -astrī (a neuter ja-stem; they see this form surviving in relics such as Old English eowestre) suffixed with *-jā, from Proto-Germanic *-astriją, itself a suffixation of *-istrą, *-astrą with *-ją.[3][4]
- Gąsiorowski instead considers this suffix to be an extension of earlier *-astri (an ī/jō-stem), with replacement of the unproductive ī/jō-stem endings with more common ōn-stem endings. He suggests that *-astri originates from Proto-Indo-European *-sr-ih₂, a zero-grade form of *-sōr suffixed with *-ih₂; he also suggests a relation to Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz (see *-ārī).[5]
Suffix[edit]
*-astrijā f
Inflection[edit]
| ōn-stem | ||
|---|---|---|
| Singular | ||
| Nominative | *-astrijā | |
| Genitive | *-astrijōn | |
| Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | *-astrijā | *-astrijōn |
| Accusative | *-astrijōn | *-astrijōn |
| Genitive | *-astrijōn | *-astrijōnō |
| Dative | *-astrijōn | *-astrijōm, *-astrijum |
| Instrumental | *-astrijōn | *-astrijōm, *-astrijum |
Descendants[edit]
- Old English: -estre, -istræ, -istre, -ystre
- Old Frisian: -ster, -stere
- Old Saxon: *-istra
- Old Dutch: *-istra
- >? Old High German: *-astria
- ⇒ Old High German: wagastria
References[edit]
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “-ster”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Paul Peterson (2013 January 1) “An Old Problem in Etymology Revisited: The Origin of Germanic Nouns with the Suffix -ster”, in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik, volume 70, number 1, , pages 1–19
- ^ Alfred Bammesberger (2003 September) “The Provenance of the Old English Suffix -estre”, in North-Western European Language Evolution (NOWELE), volume 43, , pages 53–63
- ^ Garry W. Davis (1992 July) “OE-estre and PGmc. *-ārjaz: The origin and development of two agentive suffixes in Germanic”, in Journal of Germanic Linguistics, volume 4, number 2, , pages 103–116
- ^ Piotr Gąsiorowski (2017 November 17) “Cherchez la femme: Two Germanic suffixes, one etymology”, in Folia Linguistica Historica, volume 51, number s38, , pages 125–147