Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pik

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Latin pix (“pitch, tar”).

Noun

*pik n

1. pitch, tar, wood resin

   Synonym: *teru

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*pik
Genitive	*pikas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*pik	*piku
Accusative	*pik	*piku
Genitive	*pikas	*pikō
Dative	*pikē	*pikum
Instrumental	*piku	*pikum

Descendants

In Old High German the word was probably initially restricted to northwestern (Rhenish) dialects, which explains the lack of shift from p- to pf-.

• Old English: piċ, pic
  • Middle English: pik, pikk, pike, pikke, pich, piche, picche
    • English: pitch
      • → Galician: piche
      • → Portuguese: piche
    • Scots: pick
    • → Middle Irish: pic, picc
      • Irish: pic
• Old Frisian: pik
  • Saterland Frisian: Pik
  • West Frisian: pik
• Old Saxon: pik
  • Middle Low German: pik, pek
    • German Low German: Pick
    • →? Latvian: piķis
    • →? Lithuanian: pìkis
    • → Old Norse: bik
      • Icelandic: bik
      • Swedish: beck
• Old Dutch: pek
  • Middle Dutch: pec
    • Dutch: pek, pik (see there for further descendants)
• Old High German: peh, beh; *pfich, *phich
  • Middle High German: pëch, bëch; phich (hapax, possibly a hypercorrection)
    • German: Pech (see there for further descendants)
    • Luxembourgish: Pech