Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spaldan

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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Uncertain; presumably from Proto-Germanic *spaldaną[1][2] and related to *speldą (“a split”), possibly cognate to Old Church Slavonic расплащѫ (rasplaštǫ, “to divide”), Sanskrit स्फाटति (sphāṭati, “to burst, expand”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)p(H)el- (“to split, cleave”).[3][4][5]

Verb[edit]

*spaldan

  1. to split, to cleave

Inflection[edit]

Strong class 7c
Infinitive *spaldan
1st sg. past *speald
3rd pl. past *spealdun
Past ptcple *spaldan
Infinitive *spaldan
Genitive infin. *spaldannjas
Dative infin. *spaldannjē
Instrum. infin. *spaldannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *spaldu *speald
2nd singular *spaldiʀi *spealdī
3rd singular *spaldidi *speald
1st plural *spaldum *spealdum
2nd plural *spaldid *spealdud
3rd plural *spaldand *spealdun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *spaldē *spealdī
2nd singular *spaldēs *spealdī
3rd singular *spaldē *spealdī
1st plural *spaldēm *spealdīm
2nd plural *spaldēþ *spealdīd
3rd plural *spaldēn *spealdīn
Imperative Present
Singular *spald
Plural *spaldid
Present Past
Participle *spaldandī *spaldan

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*spaldan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465
  2. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*spalđanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 361
  3. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “1. (s)p(h)el-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 985
  4. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*(s)pelt-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 577
  5. ^ Boutkan, Dirk, Siebinga, Sjoerd (2005) “-splita”, in Old Frisian Etymological Dictionary (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 1), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 364
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