Talk:afternoon

uncountable

[uncountable;  by + ~] I'll get it done by afternoon.
https://www.wordreference.com/definition/afternoon

--Backinstadiums (talk) 16:17, 3 April 2020 (UTC)

RFV discussion: March–April 2023

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afternoon

Rfv-sense: Adverb: "(more often in the plural) In the afternoon."

I am not familiar at all with this usage in the singular.

In the plural, it might be a "habitual", like mornings, days, holidays, weekdays, weekends, nights, evenings, Summers, Augusts, etc. (modifiable by certain adjectives [early, late, cool, hot, sunny, etc], which make it seem less adverbial) and the days of the week.

"Habitual" usage example: Weekends/Summers/Augusts/afternoons we would go to our beach house.

Is this plural usage lexical? It could be the remnant of adverbial -s#Suffix. DCDuring (talk) 20:07, 5 March 2023 (UTC)

Cited but I've added "archaic in the singular", as it seems to be. The OED's note for this sense is that it's "now only in" combinations (like "morning and afternoon"), but I'm not sure how useful it is to lump those together with "afternoon" by itself. —Al-Muqanna المقنع (talk) 22:35, 5 March 2023 (UTC)

Are the habitual -s forms plurals or relicts of the Old English adverbial genitive?  --Lambiam 23:11, 6 March 2023 (UTC)

Etymologically I would guess the latter, though I think calling it a plural probably better matches contemporary speakers' intuitive feeling about it. —Al-Muqanna المقنع (talk) 23:37, 6 March 2023 (UTC)

There are expressions that use "of a" with the same time expressions: Of a Summer Sunday afternoon we would go for a picnic. I suppose they are too dated to matter to our users. Maybe we do need to have adverb entries for all of these, but not at the S-less entry. It should be under a distinct etymology, I think.

I found a discussion at AHD on this:

Our Living Language Some speakers of vernacular English varieties, particularly in isolated or mountainous regions of the Southern United States, use phrases such as of a night or of an evening in place of at night or in the evening, as in We'd go hunting of an evening. This of construction is used only when referring to a repeated action, where Standard English uses nights, evenings, and the like, as in We'd go hunting nights. It is not used for single actions, as in She returned at night. · These of and -s constructions are related. The -s construction, which dates back to the Old English period (c. 449-1100), does not signify a plurality but is similar to the so-called genitive suffix -s, which often indicates possession, as in the king's throne. Just as this example can also be phrased as the throne of the king, nights can be reformulated as of a night. This reformulation has been possible since the Middle English period (c. 1100-1500). Sometimes the original -s ending remains in the of construction, as in We'd walk to the store of evenings, but usually it is omitted. Using of with adverbial time phrases has not always been confined to vernacular speech, as is evidenced by its occurrence in sources ranging from the Wycliffite Bible (1382) to Theodore Dreiser's 1911 novel Jennie Gerhardt: "There was a place out in one corner of the veranda where he liked to sit of a spring or summer evening." · Using such of constructions reflects a long-standing tendency for English speakers to eliminate the case endings that were once attached to nouns to indicate their role as subject, object, or possessor. Nowadays, word order and the use of prepositional phrases usually determine a noun's role. Despite the trend to replace genitive -s with of phrases, marking adverbial phrases of time with of is fading out of American vernacular usage, probably because one can form these phrases without -s, as in at night. DCDuring (talk) 01:08, 7 March 2023 (UTC)

RFV Passed Ioaxxere (talk) 00:22, 15 April 2023 (UTC)