User:Malku H₂n̥rés/Proto-Berber

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This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Templates[edit]

Sense (empty)[edit]

Etymology[edit]

POS[edit]

*head

  1. [[]]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Sense (full)[edit]

Etymology[edit]

POS[edit]

*head

  1. [[]]

Descendants[edit]

  • West Moroccan:
    • South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
      • Central Atlas Tamazight:
      • Moroccan Amazigh:
      • Tashelhit:
    • Northwest Moroccan:
      • Ghomara:
      • Senhaja De Srair:
    • Kabyle:
  • Zenati:
    • Moroccan:
      • Tarifit:
      • Figuig
      • Ayt Seghrouchen
      • Ayt ~Warain
      • Ayt Iznasen
    • Algerian:
      • Tachawit:
      • Northwestern:
        • Chenoua:
        • Beni Snus
        • Beni Menacer
        • Metmata
      • Northern Saharan Berber:
      • Ouargla
      • Guraga (Timinun)
    • Eastern Zenati:
      • Jerba
      • Tunisian Berber: (Duiret, Tamezret, Sened, Guelala), Guazin (Libya)
      • Zuwara:
      • Jefren
      • Libyan:
        • Sokna:
        • Fogaha:
      • Siwi:
  • Tuareg:
    • Tamahaq: (Ahaggar)
    • Tamasheq: (Adagh, Taneslemt)
    • Tamajaq:
      • Tawellemmet:
      • Tayert:
      • Tudalt
    • Ghat: (and Janet?)
  • Ghadames and Nefusa:
    • Ghadames:
    • Nefusa:
  • Awjila:
  • Eastern:
    • Tetserret:
    • Zenaga:
  • Para-Berber:
    • Guanche:
    • Numidian:

References[edit]

  • Meouak, Mohamed (2015) La langue berbère au Maghreb médiéval: Textes, contextes, analyses (Studies in the History and Society of the Maghrib; 8)‎[1] (in French), Leiden: Brill, published 2015, →ISBN
  • Marijn van Putten (2018) “Proto-Berber Mid Vowel Harmony”, in Nordic Journal of African Studies, volume 27, number 3, Helsinki, pages 1–32
  • Kossmann, Maarten (2013) The Arabic Influence on Northern Berber (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics; 67), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN
  • van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN

Sense (in practice)[edit]

Etymology[edit]

POS[edit]

*head

  1. [[]]

Descendants[edit]

  • West Moroccan:
    • South and Mid-Atlas Moroccan:
      • Central Atlas Tamazight:
      • Tashelhit:
    • Kabyle:
  • Zenati:
    • Moroccan:
      • Tarifit:
      • Figuig:
      • Ayt Seghrouchen:
      • Ayt Iznasen:
    • Algerian:
      • Northwestern:
        • Chenoua:
      • Northern Saharan Berber:
    • Eastern Zenati:
      • Zuwara:
      • Siwi:
  • Tuareg:
    • Tamahaq: (Ahaggar)
    • Tamasheq: (Adagh, Taneslemt)
    • Tamajaq:
      • Tawellemmet:
      • Tayert:
      • Tudalt:
    • Ghat: (and Janet?)
  • Ghadames and Nefusa:
    • Ghadames:
    • Nefusa:
  • Awjila:
  • Eastern:
    • Zenaga:
  • Para-Berber:
    • Guanche:
    • Numidian:

References[edit]

  • van Putten, Marijn (2019) “Introducción al estudio diacrónico del bereber”, in José Juan Batista Rodríguez, editor, Estudios sobre toponimia canaria prehispánica, Academia Canaria De La Lengua, →ISBN

What I did before[edit]

One[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Numeral[edit]

*yĭwăn

  1. one

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Two[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Compare with Proto-Semitic *ṯin- and Egyptian snwj.

Numeral[edit]

*sĭn

  1. two

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Three[edit]

Numeral[edit]

*kăraḍ

  1. three

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Four[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Compare Proto-Chadic *-pɗ (whence Hausa huɗu) and Egyptian jfdw.

Numeral[edit]

*βăkkuẓ

  1. four

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Five[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *ḫamš-.

Numeral[edit]

*sămmus

  1. five

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Six[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *šidṯ-, Egyptian sjsw and Hausa shidà.

Numeral[edit]

*săḍis

  1. six

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Seven[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *šabʕ- and Egyptian sfḫw.

Numeral[edit]

*saβ

  1. seven

Descendants[edit]

  • Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵙⴰ (sa)
  • Kabyle: sa

References[edit]

Eight[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Compare with Proto-Semitic *ṯamāniy- and Egyptian ḫmnw.

Numeral[edit]

*tam

  1. eight

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Nine[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic *tVsʕ-.Cognate with Proto-Semitic *tišʕ-, and possibly with Hausa tar̃à.

Numeral[edit]

*təẓa

  1. nine

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Ten[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Egyptian mḏw and Proto-Chadic *gʷam- (with metathesis, if not borrowed from Niger-Congo) whence Hausa gōmà.

Numeral[edit]

*măraw

  1. ten

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Mountain[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*a-drar

  1. mountain

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Star[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*atri

  1. star

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Word[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*awal

  1. word

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Face[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*udəm

  1. face

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

Heart[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*ulβ

  1. heart

Descendants[edit]

  • Tuareg: ul

References[edit]

Earth[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

*akal

  1. earth

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

To die[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Verb[edit]

*immut

  1. to die

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

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