birka

See also: birkā and бирка

Hungarian

Etymology

First attested in 1347. Of debated origin:

1. A native word.
2. Borrowed from Czech.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbirkɒ]

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bir‧ka
• Rhymes: -kɒ

Noun

birka (plural birkák)

1. sheep

   Synonym: juh

2. mutton, lamb (meat)

   Synonyms: juhhús, birkahús

3. (derogatory) sheep (person who unquestioningly accepts as true whatever their political leaders say or who adopts popular opinion as their own without scrutiny)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	birka	birkák
accusative	birkát	birkákat
dative	birkának	birkáknak
instrumental	birkával	birkákkal
causal-final	birkáért	birkákért
translative	birkává	birkákká
terminative	birkáig	birkákig
essive-formal	birkaként	birkákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	birkában	birkákban
superessive	birkán	birkákon
adessive	birkánál	birkáknál
illative	birkába	birkákba
sublative	birkára	birkákra
allative	birkához	birkákhoz
elative	birkából	birkákból
delative	birkáról	birkákról
ablative	birkától	birkáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	birkáé	birkáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	birkáéi	birkákéi

Possessive forms of birka
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	birkám	birkáim
2nd person sing.	birkád	birkáid
3rd person sing.	birkája	birkái
1st person plural	birkánk	birkáink
2nd person plural	birkátok	birkáitok
3rd person plural	birkájuk	birkáik

Further reading

• birka in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• birka in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Latvian

Etymology

From Russian би́рка (bírka).

Noun

birka f (4th declension)

1. tag
2. label

Declension

Declension of birka (4th declension)

	singular (vienskaitlis)	plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs)	birka	birkas
accusative (akuzatīvs)	birku	birkas
genitive (ģenitīvs)	birkas	birku
dative (datīvs)	birkai	birkām
instrumental (instrumentālis)	birku	birkām
locative (lokatīvs)	birkā	birkās
vocative (vokatīvs)	birka	birkas

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

birka f (definite singular birka, indefinite plural birker or birkor, definite plural birkene or birkone)

1. (pre-2012) alternative form of bjørkje
2. definite singular of birke (non-standard since 2012)

Nyunga

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Adjective

birka

1. badly wounded, bruised, sore

References

• 1839, George Grey, Vocabulary of the Aboriginal Language of Western Australia (Perth gazette and Western Australian journal)