canker

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkæŋkɚ/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkæŋkə/
• Rhymes: -æŋkə(ɹ)
• Hyphenation: can‧ker

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English canker, cancre, from Old English cancer, akin to Dutch kanker, Old High German chanchar. Ultimately from Latin cancer (“a cancer”). Doublet of cancer, a later borrowing from Latin, and chancre, which came through French.

Noun

canker (countable and uncountable, plural cankers)

1. (phytopathology) A plant disease marked by gradual decay.
2. A region of dead plant tissue caused by such a disease.
   • 1977, The Potato: Major Diseases and Nematodes, International Potato Center, page 46:

     Slightly sunken brown cankers of variable size and shape affect stem parts primarily below the soil line.

3. A worm or grub that destroys plant buds or leaves; cankerworm.
   • 1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 35”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

     loathsome canker lives in sweetest bud […]

4. A corroding or sloughing ulcer; especially a spreading gangrenous ulcer or collection of ulcers in or about the mouth.
5. Anything which corrodes, corrupts, or destroys.
   • c. 1690, Sir William Temple, Of Heroick Virtue:

     the cankers of envy and faction

   • 1941, Theodore Roethke, “Feud”, in Open House; republished in The Collected Poems of Theodore Roethke, 1975, →ISBN, page 4:

     There’s canker at the root, your seed
     Denies the blessing of the sun,
     The light essential to your need.
     Your hopes are murdered and undone.

6. A kind of wild rose; the dog rose.
   • c. 1596–1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii]:

     To put down Richard, that sweet lovely rose,
     An plant this thorn, this canker, Bolingbroke?

7. An obstinate and often incurable disease of a horse's foot, characterized by separation of the horny portion and the development of fungoid growths. Usually resulting from neglected thrush.
8. An avian disease affecting doves, poultry, parrots and birds of prey, caused by Trichomonas gallinae.

Synonyms

• (ulcer, especially of the mouth): water canker, canker of the mouth, noma
• (bird disease): avian trichomoniasis, roup
• (hawk disease): frounce

Derived terms

• black canker
• canker fly
• canker rash
• canker sore

 

Related terms

• chancre

Translations

plant disease marked by gradual decay

• Russian: рак (ru) m (rak)

corroding or sloughing ulcer

• Greek:

  Ancient: φαγέδαινα f (phagédaina)

• Plautdietsch: Schwäa n

avian disease caused by T. gallinae

• Dutch: geel (nl) n, steen (nl) n
• German: gelber Knopf
• Polish: żółty guzek

Etymology 2

From Middle English cankren, from the noun (see above).

Verb

canker (third-person singular simple present cankers, present participle cankering, simple past and past participle cankered)

1. (transitive) To affect as a canker; to eat away; to corrode; to consume.
   • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXVI, page 43:

     Still onward winds the dreary way; / I with it; for I long to prove / No lapse of moons can canker Love, / Whatever fickle tongues may say.

2. (transitive) To infect or pollute; to corrupt.
3. (intransitive) To waste away, grow rusty, or be oxidized, as a mineral.
4. (intransitive) To be or become diseased, or as if diseased, with canker; to grow corrupt; to become venomous.
   • 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

     as with age his body uglier grows,
     So his mind cankers.

   • 1972, E. M. Forster, chapter 36, in Maurice‎^[1], Penguin, page 156:

     […] the road, always in bad condition, was edged with dog roses that scratched the paint. Blossom after blossom crept past them, draggled by the ungenial year: some had cankered, others would never unfold:

References

• “canker”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Anagrams

• Neckar, nacker

Scots

Alternative forms

• cancre, cankyr, kanker

Etymology

Middle English canker, cancre, Old English cancer, akin to Dutch kanker, Old High German chanchar. From Latin cancer (“a cancer”).

Pronunciation

• (Southern Scots) IPA^(key): /ˈkɔːŋɡkʌr/

Noun

canker (plural cankers)

1. Bad temper.

Verb

canker (third-person singular simple present cankers, present participle cankerin, simple past cankert, past participle cankert)

1. (archaic) To become bad-tempered, to fret, to worry.