cipio
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Welsh[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Middle English kippen (“to take hold of, snatch”), whence English kip.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
cipio (first-person singular present cipiaf)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cipiaf | cipi | cipia | cipiwn | cipiwch | cipiant | cipir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | cipiwn | cipit | cipiai | cipiem | cipiech | cipient | cipid | |
| preterite | cipiais | cipiaist | cipiodd | cipiasom | cipiasoch | cipiasant | cipiwyd | |
| pluperfect | cipiaswn | cipiasit | cipiasai | cipiasem | cipiasech | cipiasent | cipiasid, cipiesid | |
| present subjunctive | cipiwyf | cipiech | cipio | cipiom | cipioch | cipiont | cipier | |
| imperative | — | cipia | cipied | cipiwn | cipiwch | cipient | cipier | |
| verbal noun | cipio | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cipiedig cipiadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | cipia i, cipiaf i | cipi di | cipith o/e/hi, cipiff e/hi | cipiwn ni | cipiwch chi | cipian nhw |
| conditional | cipiwn i, cipswn i | cipiet ti, cipset ti | cipiai fo/fe/hi, cipsai fo/fe/hi | cipien ni, cipsen ni | cipiech chi, cipsech chi | cipien nhw, cipsen nhw |
| preterite | cipiais i, cipies i | cipiaist ti, cipiest ti | cipiodd o/e/hi | cipion ni | cipioch chi | cipion nhw |
| imperative | — | cipia | — | — | cipiwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Mutation[edit]
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cipio | gipio | nghipio | chipio |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||