doktor
Albanian[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m (plural doktorë, definite doktori, definite plural doktorët); feminine equivalent doktoreshë
- a male doctor
Declension[edit]
Azerbaijani[edit]
Cyrillic | доктор | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | دوکتور |
Etymology[edit]
Internationalism; ultimately from Latin doctor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file)
Noun[edit]
doktor (definite accusative doktoru, plural doktorlar)
- doctor (a person who has attained a doctorate)
- tarixi elmlər doktoru ― a PhD (doctor) in history
- physician
Declension[edit]
Declension of doktor | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | doktor |
doktorlar | ||||||
definite accusative | doktoru |
doktorları | ||||||
dative | doktora |
doktorlara | ||||||
locative | doktorda |
doktorlarda | ||||||
ablative | doktordan |
doktorlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | doktorun |
doktorların |
Bikol Central[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- Dr. — abbreviation
- Doc, dok
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktór (Basahan spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜍ᜔)
- doctor; physician
- Synonym: parabulong
- (dated) act of tinkering with
- Synonym: ano
- (dated) act of fiddling with
- Synonym: kuyan
Derived terms[edit]
Brunei Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor
Hyponyms[edit]
- doktor bedah (“surgeon”)
- doktor gigi (“dentist”)
- doktor pakar (“specialist”)
Derived terms[edit]
Cebuano[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Spanish doctor, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Verb sense, borrowed from English doctor
Pronunciation[edit]
- Hyphenation: dok‧tor
Noun[edit]
doktor (doktór feminine, doktora)
Verb[edit]
doktór
- to doctor (alter or falsify a document)
Czech[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Czech doktor, from Latin doctor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m anim (feminine doktorka)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- doktor in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- doktor in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- doktor in Internetová jazyková příručka
Danish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin doctor, from doceō (“to teach”) + -tor + agent noun.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor c (singular definite doktoren, plural indefinite doktorer)
Inflection[edit]
common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | doktor | doktoren | doktorer | doktorerne |
genitive | doktors | doktorens | doktorers | doktorernes |
Synonyms[edit]
- (physician): læge
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “doktor” in Den Danske Ordbog
Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
German Doktor. Doublet of tohter.
Noun[edit]
doktor (genitive doktori, partitive doktorit)
- doctor (person who has obtained a doctorate)
- doctor (physician)
- Synonym: arst
- Doctor (title)
- Synonym: dr
Declension[edit]
Declension of doktor (ÕS type 2/õpik, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | ||
nominative | doktor | doktorid | |
accusative | nom. | ||
gen. | doktori | ||
genitive | doktorite | ||
partitive | doktorit | doktoreid | |
illative | doktorisse | doktoritesse doktoreisse | |
inessive | doktoris | doktorites doktoreis | |
elative | doktorist | doktoritest doktoreist | |
allative | doktorile | doktoritele doktoreile | |
adessive | doktoril | doktoritel doktoreil | |
ablative | doktorilt | doktoritelt doktoreilt | |
translative | doktoriks | doktoriteks doktoreiks | |
terminative | doktorini | doktoriteni | |
essive | doktorina | doktoritena | |
abessive | doktorita | doktoriteta | |
comitative | doktoriga | doktoritega |
Further reading[edit]
Hungarian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor (plural doktorok)
Declension[edit]
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | doktor | doktorok |
accusative | doktort | doktorokat |
dative | doktornak | doktoroknak |
instrumental | doktorral | doktorokkal |
causal-final | doktorért | doktorokért |
translative | doktorrá | doktorokká |
terminative | doktorig | doktorokig |
essive-formal | doktorként | doktorokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | doktorban | doktorokban |
superessive | doktoron | doktorokon |
adessive | doktornál | doktoroknál |
illative | doktorba | doktorokba |
sublative | doktorra | doktorokra |
allative | doktorhoz | doktorokhoz |
elative | doktorból | doktorokból |
delative | doktorról | doktorokról |
ablative | doktortól | doktoroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
doktoré | doktoroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
doktoréi | doktorokéi |
Possessive forms of doktor | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | doktorom | doktoraim |
2nd person sing. | doktorod | doktoraid |
3rd person sing. | doktora | doktorai |
1st person plural | doktorunk | doktoraink |
2nd person plural | doktorotok | doktoraitok |
3rd person plural | doktoruk | doktoraik |
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- doktor in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- doktor in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Icelandic[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m (genitive singular doktors, nominative plural doktorar)
- doctor (person with a university doctorate)
Declension[edit]
m-s1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | doktor | doktorinn | doktorar | doktorarnir |
accusative | doktor | doktorinn | doktora | doktorana |
dative | doktor | doktornum | doktorum | doktorunum |
genitive | doktors | doktorsins | doktora | doktoranna |
Derived terms[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Dutch doctor (“doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)”), from Middle Dutch doctor, from Latin doctor (“teacher, instructor”). Doublet of dokter.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor
Usage notes[edit]
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay doktor.
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “doktor” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Ladino[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Turkish doktor, from French docteur.
Noun[edit]
doktor m (Latin spelling)
Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from English doctor, from Middle English doctor, doctour (“an expert, authority on a subject”), from Anglo-Norman doctour, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor
Usage notes[edit]
- The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian doktor.
- Both Standard Malaysian and Singaporean Malay plus Indonesian lists "person who has attained a doctorate" sense. However, Indonesian uses the cognate dokter, for the physician sense.
Derived terms[edit]
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m (definite singular doktoren, indefinite plural doktorer, definite plural doktorene)
Synonyms[edit]
- (physician): lege
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “doktor” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m (definite singular doktoren, indefinite plural doktorar, definite plural doktorane)
- Doctor (person who has attained a doctorate)
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- “doktor” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Czech[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Latin doctor.[1] Compare Old Polish doktor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m pers (related adjective doktorský)
- (Ecclesiastic) teacher
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- scholar
- (religion) Honorary title of church dignitaries.
Declension[edit]
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | doktor | doktory | doktoři, doktorové |
genitive | doktora | doktorú | doktoróv |
dative | doktoru, doktorovi | doktoroma | doktoróm |
accusative | doktora | doktory | doktory |
vocative | doktoře | doktory | doktoři, doktorové |
locative | doktoru, doktorovi | doktorú | doktořiech |
instrumental | doktorem | doktoroma | doktory |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Derived terms[edit]
- doktorovati impf
Descendants[edit]
- Czech: doktor
References[edit]
- ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015) “doktor”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “doktor”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Latin doctor.[1][2][3][4] First attested in c. 1420. Compare Old Czech doktor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m animacy unattested (related adjective doktorowski)
- scholar (learned person; especially an expert in the Bible and theology, in Christianity sometimes the official title of theological writers)
- 1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXIV, page 86:
- Wszelky mysztrz nawczony, wszelky doctor albo pyszarz w crolewszthwe nebeszkem (omnis scriba doctus in regno coelorum Mat 13, 52) rowni yeszth oczczw czeladnemw
- [Wszelki mistrz nauczony, wszelki doktor albo pisarz w krolewstwie niebieskim (omnis scriba doctus in regno coelorum Mat 13, 52) rowny jest oćcu czeladnemu]
- Beginning of the 15th century, Kazania gnieźnieńskie[3], page 11b:
- Ten tho velebny doctor, gemusczy Bedza (leg. Beda) dzegø, mouiy
- [Ten to wielebny doktor, jemużci Beda dzieją, mowi]
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 82:
- Yvsz prawa polska szą dokonana, yasz wykladana przes mystrza y doctora Swanthoslawa s Woczyeschyna, cvstosscha kosczola warszewskyego swąnthego Iana
- [Już prawa polska są dokonana, jaż wykładana przez mistrza i doktora Świętosława s Wocieszyna, kustosza kościoła warszewskiego Świętego Jana]
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “doktor”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “doktor”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “doktor”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
- B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “doktor”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN
Polish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- doktór (regional or colloquial)
Etymology[edit]
Inherited from Old Polish doktor.
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /ˈdɔk.tɔr/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /ˈdɔk.tɔr/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔktɔr
- Syllabification: dok‧tor
Noun[edit]
doktor m pers (female equivalent doktor or doktorka, diminutive doktorek, abbreviation dr)
- (colloquial, medicine) physician, medical doctor
- doctor (person holding a doctorate)
- (obsolete) doctor, scholar
- Synonym: uczony
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- doktorować impf
- bawić się w doktora impf
Descendants[edit]
- → Kashubian: doktór
Trivia[edit]
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), doktor is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 3 times in scientific texts, 52 times in news, 15 times in essays, 22 times in fiction, and 39 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 131 times, making it the 460th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
Noun[edit]
doktor f (indeclinable)
- (colloquial, medicine) female equivalent of doktor (“physician, medical doctor”)
- Synonym: doktorka
- female equivalent of doktor (“doctor”) (person holding a doctorate)
- Synonym: doktorka
References[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- doktor in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- doktor in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “doktor”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “DOKTOR”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 18.03.2016
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego[4]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[5]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “doktor”, in Słownik języka polskiego[6] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 495
- doktor in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dȍktor m (Cyrillic spelling до̏ктор)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Slovak[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor m anim (declension pattern of chlap, feminine doktorka)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Swedish[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor c
Declension[edit]
Declension of doktor | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | doktor | doktorn | doktorer | doktorerna |
Genitive | doktors | doktorns | doktorers | doktorernas |
Synonyms[edit]
- (physician): läkare
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Finnish: tohtori
Further reading[edit]
- doktor in Svensk ordbok.
Tagalog[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Spanish doctor (“doctor”), from Latin doctor (“teacher”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktór (feminine doktora, Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜃ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)
- doctor; physician
- Synonyms: manggagamot, mediko
- doctorate degree
- Synonym: doktorado
- (colloquial) falsification
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “doktor”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Ottoman Turkish دوقتور (doktor), from French docteur, from Latin doctor (“teacher”), from doceō (“I teach”). Cognate with Azerbaijani doktor.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktor (definite accusative doktoru, plural doktorlar)
Declension[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Ladino: doktor
References[edit]
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دوقتور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[7], Constantinople: Mihran, page 610
Yogad[edit]
Noun[edit]
doktór
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian nouns
- Albanian masculine nouns
- sq:Medicine
- sq:Occupations
- Azerbaijani internationalisms
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Latin
- Azerbaijani terms with audio links
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- az:Occupations
- Bikol Central terms borrowed from Spanish
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- bcl:Occupations
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- Cebuano nouns
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- ceb:Healthcare occupations
- ceb:People
- ceb:Male
- Czech terms inherited from Old Czech
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- cs:Male people
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- Danish terms derived from Latin
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- Danish nouns
- Danish common-gender nouns
- da:Medicine
- da:Occupations
- Estonian terms borrowed from German
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- Estonian õpik-type nominals
- et:People
- et:Healthcare occupations
- et:Titles
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/or
- Rhymes:Hungarian/or/2 syllables
- Hungarian lemmas
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- hu:Healthcare occupations
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch
- Indonesian terms derived from Dutch
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- Ladino terms borrowed from Turkish
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- lad:Occupations
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- Rhymes:Malay/tor
- Rhymes:Malay/or
- Malay terms with audio links
- Malay lemmas
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- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Latin
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- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
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- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Latin
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- Old Czech personal nouns
- zlw-ocs:Religion
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- zlw-ocs:Education
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- Old Polish terms borrowed from Latin
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- zlw-opl:Education
- zlw-opl:People
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- Polish terms derived from Latin
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- Polish 2-syllable words
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- Rhymes:Polish/ɔktɔr
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔktɔr/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
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- pl:Medicine
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- pl:Female people
- pl:Healthcare occupations
- pl:Male people
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
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- sh:Male people
- sh:Occupations
- Slovak terms borrowed from Latin
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- sk:Male people
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- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Tagalog terms borrowed from Spanish
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- tl:Healthcare occupations
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- tr:Healthcare occupations
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