durian

See also: Durian and durián

English

Durian fruits

Etymology

From Malay durian, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”). Doublet of iwi, from Māori.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈdʊə.ɹɪən/, /ˈdʒʊə.ɹɪən/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈdʊə.ɹi.ən/, /ˈdʊə.ɹiˌɑn/

Noun

durian (countable and uncountable, plural durians)

1. Any of several trees, genus Durio, of Southeast Asia.
2. The spiky edible fruit of this tree, known for its strong taste and very strong, unpleasant odor.
   • 1692, Robert Boyle, General Heads for the Natural History of a Country Great or Small, London: John Taylor and S. Hedford, “Enquiries for Suratte, &c.,” p. 96,^[1]

     Whether the Betele hath such a contrariety to the Durion, that a few Leaves of that, put to a whole Shopful of Durions, will make them all rot suddenly; and whether those that have surfeited on Durions, and thereby over-heated themselves, do, by laying a Leaf or two of Betele upon their Breasts or Stomachs, immediately cure the Inflammations, and Recover.

   • 1869 November, “The Land of the Malay: A Record of Travel in the Oriental Tropics”, in [Thomas] Mayne Reid, editor, Onward: A Magazine for the Young Manhood of America, New York, N.Y.: Onward Publishing Office, →OCLC, page 494:

     The dessert I thoroughly enjoyed, for the various fruits of Singapore are delicious. One of them, the "durion," exhales a most noxious perfume, but is pleasant to the palate.

   • 1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 115:

     Old women crouched over bags of Siamese rice, skeps of red and green peppers, purple egg-plants, bristly rambutans, pineapples, durians.

3. (uncountable) A deep, rich yellow colour, like that of durian flesh (also called durian yellow).

   durian:  

Alternative forms

• darion, durean, durion (archaic)

Descendants

• → Arabic: دُرْيَان (duryān)
• → Bengali: দুরিয়ান (duriẏan), ডুরিয়ান (ḍuriẏan)
• → Bikol Central: durian
• → Bulgarian: дуриан (durian)
• → Catalan: durian
• → Czech: durian
• → Danish: durian
• → Esperanto: durio
• → Finnish: durio
• → French: durian
• → Galician: durián
• → Georgian: დურიო (durio)
• → German: Durian
• → Hebrew: דוריאן (duri'an)
• → Italian: durian
• → Japanese: ドリアン (dorian)
• → Komi-Permyak: дуриан (durian)
• → Komi-Zyrian: дуриан (durian)
• → Korean: 두리안 (durian)
• → Lak: дуриан (durian)
• → Latvian: duriāns
• → Lithuanian: durijus
• → Norwegian Bokmål: durian
• → Persian: دوریان (duryân)
• → Polish: durian
• → Portuguese: durio, durião
• → Russian: дуриан (durian)
• → Rwanda-Rundi: duriyani
• → Spanish: durián
• → Swedish: durian
• → Turkish: durian
• → Udmurt: дуриан (durian)
• → Ukrainian: дуріан (durian)
• → Western Mari: дуриан (durian)

Translations

tree

• Bikol Central: durian
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 榴槤／榴梿 ((Hong Kong) lau⁴ lin⁴; (Malaysia) lau⁴ lin^4-2)

  Mandarin: 榴連／榴连 (liúlián), 榴蓮／榴莲 (zh) (liúlián), 榴槤／榴梿 (zh) (liúlián)

• Esperanto: duriujo, duriarbo
• Finnish: durio (fi), duriopuu
• Greek: δούριο (doúrio)
• Irish: dúraíoch sibhéideach m
• Jehai: dorɛn
• Polish: durian (pl) m
• Ukrainian: дуріа́н m (durián)

fruit

• Acehnese: driën
• Afrikaans: doerian
• Arabic: دُرْيَان m (duryān)
• Banyumasan: durèn
• Belarusian: дурыя́н m (duryján)
• Bengali: দুরিয়ান (bn) (duriẏan)
• Bikol Central: durian
• Brunei Malay: durian
• Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh: dihan
• Bulgarian: дуриа́н m (durián)
• Burmese: ဒူးရင်းသီး (du:rang:si:)
• Catalan: durian m
• Cebuano: durian
• Central Dusun: tupolo
• Central Melanau: dian
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 榴槤／榴梿 ((Hong Kong) lau⁴ lin⁴; (Malaysia) lau⁴ lin^4-2)

  Mandarin: 榴連／榴连 (liúlián), 榴蓮／榴莲 (zh) (liúlián), 榴槤／榴梿 (zh) (liúlián)

• Czech: durian m
• Danish: durian n
• Dutch: doerian (nl) m
• Esperanto: durio
• Estonian: durian (et)
• Finnish: durio (fi)
• French: durian (fr) m
• Galician: durián m
• Georgian: დურიო (durio)
• German: Durian f
• Greek: δούριο m (doúrio)
• Hebrew: דוריאן m (durian)
• Hindi: डुरियन (ḍuriyan)
• Hungarian: durián (hu)
• Icelandic: dáraaldin m
• Indonesian: durian (id)
• Irish: dúraíoch m
• Italian: durian (it) m
• Japanese: ドリアン (ja) (dorian)
• Javanese: durèn (jv)
• Kapampangan: durian
• Khmer: ទុរេន (km) (tŭrén)
• Komi-Permyak: дуриан (durian)
• Komi-Zyrian: дуриан (durian)
• Korean: 두리안 (ko) (durian)
• Lak: дуриан (durian)
• Lao: ທຸລຽນ (thu līan)
• Latvian: duriāns m
• Lithuanian: durijus m
• Macedonian: ду́ријан m (dúrijan)
• Malay:

  Jawi: دوريان (ms)

  Rumi: durian (ms)

• Marathi: ड्युरियन f (ḍyuriyan)
• Mari:

  Western Mari: дуриан (durian)

• Nepali: डुरियन (ḍuriyan)
• Norwegian: durian m
• Persian: دوریان (duriân), خارگیل (fa) (xârgil)
• Polish: durian (pl) m, zybuczkowiec m
• Portuguese: durião (pt) m, durio m
• Russian: дуриа́н (ru) m (durián)
• Rwanda-Rundi: duriyani
• Sebop: pak
• Somali: canuuni
• Spanish: durián m
• Sundanese: kadu (su), duren
• Swahili: duriani
• Swedish: durian (sv) c
• Tagal Murut: pokilahan, ratu
• Tagalog: durian, duryan
• Tamil: முள்நாறி (muḷnāṟi), துரியான் (turiyāṉ)
• Thai: ทุเรียน (th) (tú-riian)
• Turkish: durian
• Udmurt: дуриан (durian)
• Ukrainian: дуріа́н m (durián)
• Uyghur: دۇريان (duryan)
• Vietnamese: sầu riêng (vi)
• Waray-Waray: durian
• Yiddish: דוריאַן f (duryan)

Anagrams

• uranid

Bikol Central

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”).

Noun

durian

1. durian (fruit)

Brunei Malay

Etymology

From duri (“thorn”) +‎ -an, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /durian/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: du‧ri‧an

Noun

durian

1. durian (fruit)

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian) [du.ɾiˈan]

Noun

durian m (plural durians)

1. durian

Cebuano

Noun

durian

1. nonstandard spelling of duryan

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian m inan

1. durian

Declension

Declension of durian (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	durian	duriany
genitive	durianu	durianů
dative	durianu	durianům
accusative	durian	duriany
vocative	duriane	duriany
locative	durianu	durianech
instrumental	durianem	duriany

Danish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian n

1. durian

French

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dy.ʁjɑ̃/, /du.ʁjɑ̃/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

durian m (plural durians)

1. durian

Indonesian

Etymology

Reconstructed as duri (“thorn, spike”) +‎ -an, inherited from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /du.ˈri.an/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -an, -n
• Hyphenation: du‧ri‧an

Noun

durian (plural durian-durian, first-person possessive durianku, second-person possessive durianmu, third-person possessive duriannya)

1. durian

Alternative forms

• duren (colloquial)

Derived terms

• durian belanda
• durian kuning
• durian pulu
• durian tinggang

 

Further reading

• “durian” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Italian

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian m

1. durian

Anagrams

• Undari, diurna, indura, raduni

Kapampangan

Etymology

From Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian

1. durian

Malay

Etymology

duri +‎ -an, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /durian/
• Rhymes: -ian, -jan, -an

• Audio (MY)

  (file)

Noun

durian (Jawi spelling دورين or دوريان, plural durian-durian, informal 1st possessive durianku, 2nd possessive durianmu, 3rd possessive duriannya)

1. durian (fruit)

Descendants

• Indonesian: durian
• → Burmese: ဒူးရင်းသီး (du:rang:si:)
• → Cebuano: duryan
• → Chinese: 榴槤／榴梿 (liúlián)
• → Dutch: doerian
• → English: durian (see there for further descendants)
• → Kapampangan: durian
• → Lao: ທຸລຽນ (thu līan)
• → Swahili: duriani
• → Tamil: துரியான் (turiyāṉ)
• → Tagalog: durian, duryan
• → Thai: ทุเรียน (tú-riian)
• → Vietnamese: sầu riêng

Further reading

• “durian” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian m

1. durian (fruit)

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdu.rjan/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -urjan
• Syllabification: du‧rian

Noun

durian m inan

1. durian (tree)

   Synonym: zybuczkowiec

2. durian (fruit)

Declension

Declension of durian

	singular	plural
nominative	durian	duriany
genitive	durianu	durianów
dative	durianowi	durianom
accusative	durian	duriany
instrumental	durianem	durianami
locative	durianie	durianach
vocative	durianie	duriany

Further reading

• durian in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Swedish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian c

1. durian

Declension

Declension of durian
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	durian	durianen	durianer	durianerna
Genitive	durians	durianens	durianers	durianernas

Tagalog

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /duɾˈjan/, [dʊɾˈjan]
• Hyphenation: dur‧ian

Noun

durián (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜓᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔)

1. Alternative spelling of duryan

Turkish

Etymology

From English durian, from Malay durian, from Proto-Malayic *duri-an, from (Western) Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duʀi-an.

Noun

durian

1. durian

West Makian

Etymology

From Malay durian.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪u.ˈri.an̪/

Noun

durian

1. durian fruit
2. the durian tree

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[2], Pacific linguistics