kultura

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See also: kultūra, kultūrā, kultūrą, and kultúra

Basque[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish cultura.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio(file)

Noun[edit]

kultura inan

  1. culture
    euskal kultura ― Basque culture
  2. refinement, culture

Czech[edit]

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Etymology[edit]

Derived from Latin cultūra (“cultivation; culture”),[1] from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“till, cultivate, worship”) (related to colōnus and colōnia), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“to move; to turn (around)”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kultura f

  1. arts
  2. culture (arts, customs and habits)
  3. (microbiology) culture

Declension[edit]

Declension of kultura (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative kultura kultury
genitive kultury kultur
dative kultuře kulturám
accusative kulturu kultury
vocative kulturo kultury
locative kultuře kulturách
instrumental kulturou kulturami

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "kultura" in Jiří Rejzek, Český etymologický slovník, electronic version, Leda, 2007

Further reading[edit]

  • kultura in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • kultura in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • kultura in Internetová jazyková příručka

Esperanto[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtura/
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tur‧a
  • Rhymes: -ura

Adjective[edit]

kultura (accusative singular kulturan, plural kulturaj, accusative plural kulturajn)

  1. cultural (relating to culture)
  2. cultured (civilized, refined)

Ladino[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin cultūra (“culture”) (compare Spanish cultura), from cultus, perfect passive participle of colō (“I till, cultivate”).

Noun[edit]

kultura f (Latin spelling, Hebrew spelling קולטורה)

  1. culture
    kultura djudia ― Jewish culture

Related terms[edit]

Maltese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Italian cultura.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kultura f (plural kulturi)

  1. culture
    il-kultura Maltija ― Maltese culture

Related terms[edit]

Masurian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Polish kultura.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [kulˈtura]
  • Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun[edit]

kultura f

  1. culture (level of civilization)
  2. culture (social spiritual and material achievements)
  3. culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

Further reading[edit]

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024) “kultura”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[3], volume 3, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 381

Polish[edit]

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology[edit]

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Kultur or French culture, ultimately from Latin cultūra.[1][2][3][4] First attested in 1732.[5]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

kultura f (diminutive kulturka, related adjective kulturowy, abbreviation kult.)

  1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
  2. (countable) culture (the beliefs, values, behaviour, and material objects that constitute a people's way of life)
  3. (uncountable) skill level (level of knowledge or ability in a given field)
  4. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)
    Synonyms: obycie, ogłada, okrzesanie
  5. (countable, microbiology) culture (the process of growing a bacterial or other biological entity in an artificial medium)
  6. (countable, botany, agriculture) culture (cultivation)
  7. (countable, agriculture) crops grown on a large field
  8. (agriculture) culture (structure of arable soil achieved as a result of agrotechnical treatments and rational management; also: these treatments and farming)

Declension[edit]

Declension of kultura
singular plural
nominative kultura kultury
genitive kultury kultur
dative kulturze kulturom
accusative kulturę kultury
instrumental kulturą kulturami
locative kulturze kulturach
vocative kulturo kultury

Derived terms[edit]

adjecetive
nouns

Related terms[edit]

adjective
adverb
nouns

Descendants[edit]

  • Kashubian: kùltura
  • Masurian: kultura
  • Silesian: kultura

Trivia[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), kultura is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 55 times in news, 130 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 9 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 224 times, making it the 246th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[6]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “kultura”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  2. ^ Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965) “kultura”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
  3. ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “kultura”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  4. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “kultura”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  5. ^ Franciszek Gościecki (1732) Jadwiga Sokołowska, Kazimiera Żukowska, editors, Poeci polskiego Baroku (in Polish), volume 2, published 1965, POSELSTWO WIELKIE JAŚNIE WIELMOŻNEGO STANISŁAWA CHOMENTOWSKIEGO WOJEWODY MAZOWIECKIEGO OD NAJAŚNIEJSZEGO AUGUSTA II, KRÓLA POLSKIEGO, KSIĄŻĘCIA SASKIEGO..., page 461: “Większą pilność mają Grecy i cudzoziemcy, którzy tu mieszkają, Koło tego, albowiem jeden nad drugiego Przesadza się w kulturze wirydarza swego.”
  6. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “kultura”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 208

Further reading[edit]

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin cultūra.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kultǔːra/
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun[edit]

kultúra f (Cyrillic spelling култу́ра)

  1. culture
  2. manners
  3. civility

Declension[edit]

Declension of kultura
singular plural
nominative kultura kulture
genitive kulture kultura
dative kulturi kulturama
accusative kulturu kulture
vocative kulturo kulture
locative kulturi kulturama
instrumental kulturom kulturama

References[edit]

  • “kultura” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Silesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Polish kultura.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtura/
  • Rhymes: -ura
  • Syllabification: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun[edit]

kultura f

  1. (countable) culture (the arts, customs, lifestyles, background, and habits that characterize humankind, or a particular society or nation)
  2. (uncountable) culture (the conventional conducts and ideologies of a community; the system comprising the accepted norms and values of a society)

Declension[edit]

Declension of kultura
singular plural
nominative kultura kultury
genitive kultury kultur
dative kulturze kultury
accusative kulturã kulturōm
instrumental kulturōm kulturami/kulturōma
locative kulturze kulturach
vocative kulturo kultury

Derived terms[edit]

nouns

Related terms[edit]

adjective
adverb
noun

Further reading[edit]

Tagalog[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish cultura (“culture”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /kulˈtuɾa/, [kʊlˈtu.ɾɐ]
  • Hyphenation: kul‧tu‧ra

Noun[edit]

kultura (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜓᜎ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ)

  1. culture
    Synonym: kalinangan
  2. civilization
    Synonyms: kabihasnan, sibilisasyon

Related terms[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • “kultura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
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