manga mark

English

Etymology

Of manga +‎ mark. Compare Japanese 漫符(まんぷ) (manpu, “manga icon”).

Noun

manga mark (plural manga marks)

1. (cartooning, manga, anime) A cartoon icon; a symbol used to indicate emotion, movement, etc. in a drawing; especially one used in or associated with Japanese-style manga.
   • 2006, David Shwalb, Jun Nakazawa, Barbara J. Shwalb, Applied Developmental Psychology: Theory, Practice, and Research from Japan‎^[1], page 29:

     Cultural learning experiences are required to understanding manga marks. For example, adults of Botswana interpreted a sweat mark used in Western comics as blood, rain, and tears (Byram and Garforth, 1980).

   • 2014, Tatsuhiro Kishi, Hajime Futaki, Gabriele Trovato, Nobutsuna Endo, A Robotic Head that Displays Japanese “Manga” Marks‎^[2]:

     In a previous preliminary experiment, we determined facial expressions for the robot KOBIAN-R with manga marks. Those expressions included four manga marks as “Cross popping veins” for “Anger”, “Tear mark” for “Sadness”, “Vertical lines” for “Fear” and “Wrinkle” for “Disgust”.

   • 2016, Jun Nakazawa, “Manga literacy and manga comprehension in Japanese children”, in Neil Cohn, editor, The Visual Narrative Reader‎^[3], page 248:

     Nakazawa (2005b) asked the meaning of the twelve manga marks to a sample of kindergartners, first-, fourth-, sixth-, and eighth-graders. Understanding of manga marks progressed along with grade level (Figure 7.2)

   • 2020, Kurobokuya, Kurobokuya manga lesson 4‎^[4]:

     The comprehensive techniques that composes manga is immature. But there is a very high expressiveness in some aspects, such as the creation of a face viewed from the front and the expression of expressions using manga marks.

See also

• Manga iconography on Wikipedia.Wikipedia