naerma
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See also: nærma
Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *nakradak.
Verb[edit]
naerma (da-infinitive naerda)
- to laugh
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of naerma (ÕS type 33/naerma, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | naeran | ei naera | 1st sing. | olen naernud | ei ole naernud pole naernud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | naerad | 2nd sing. | oled naernud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | naerab | 3rd sing. | on naernud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | naerame | 1st plur. | oleme naernud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | naerate | 2nd plur. | olete naernud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | naeravad | 3rd plur. | on naernud | ||||||
| passive | naerdakse | ei naerda | passive | on naerdud | ei ole naerdud pole naerdud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | naersin | ei naernud | 1st sing. | olin naernud | ei olnud naernud polnud naernud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | naersid | 2nd sing. | olid naernud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | naeris | 3rd sing. | oli naernud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | naersime | 1st plur. | olime naernud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | naersite | 2nd plur. | olite naernud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | naersid | 3rd plur. | oli naernud | ||||||
| passive | naerdi | ei naerdud | passive | oli naerdud | ei olnud naerdud polnud naerdud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | naeraksin | ei naeraks | 1st sing. | naernuksin oleksin naernud |
ei naernuks ei oleks naernud poleks naernud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | naeraksid | 2nd sing. | naernuksid oleksid naernud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | naeraks | 3rd sing. | naernuks oleks naernud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | naeraksime | 1st plur. | naernuksime oleksime naernud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | naeraksite | 2nd plur. | naernuksite oleksite naernud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | naeraksid | 3rd plur. | naernuksid oleksid naernud | ||||||
| passive | naerdaks | ei naerdaks | passive | oleks naerdud | ei oleks naerdud poleks naerdud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | naera | ära naera | 2nd sing. | ole naernud | ära ole naernud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | naergu | ärgu naergu | 3rd sing. | olgu naernud | ärgu olgu naernud | ||||
| 1st plur. | naergem | ärme naerame ärme naera ärgem naergem |
1st plur. | olgem naernud | ärme oleme naernud ärme ole naernud ärgem olgem naernud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | naerge | ärge naerge | 2nd plur. | olge naernud | ärge olge naernud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | naergu | ärgu naergu | 3rd plur. | olgu naernud | ärgu olgu naernud | ||||
| passive | naerdagu | ärgu naerdagu | passive | olgu naerdud | ärgu olgu naerdud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | naervat | ei naervat | active | olevat naernud | ei olevat naernud polevat naernud | ||||
| passive | naerdavat | ei naerdavat | passive | olevat naerdud | ei olevat naerdud polevat naerdud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | naerma | naerdama | nominative | naerda | olla naernud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | naerdes | olles naernud | |||||
| inessive | naermas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | naermast | present | naerev | naerdav | |||||
| translative | naermaks | past | naernud | naerdud | |||||
| abessive | naermata | negative | naermatu | — | |||||