perhubungan

Indonesian

Etymology

Affixed hubung +‎ per- -an, from Malay perhubungan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [pərhuˈbʊŋan]
• Hyphenation: pêr‧hu‧bung‧an

Noun

pêrhubungan (plural perhubungan-perhubungan, first-person possessive perhubunganku, second-person possessive perhubunganmu, third-person possessive perhubungannya)

1. connection, relation.

   Synonyms: koneksi, hubungan, relasi

2. transportation: the act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.

   Synonyms: angkutan, pengangkutan, transportasi

3. communication

   Synonym: komunikasi

Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay perhubungan.

• In Indonesia, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about transportation.
• In Singapore, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about communication.
• In Brunei, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about both transportation and communication.

Further reading

• “perhubungan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From hubung +‎ per- -an.

Noun

perhubungan (plural perhubungan-perhubungan, informal 1st possessive perhubunganku, 2nd possessive perhubunganmu, 3rd possessive perhubungannya)

1. connection, relation.
2. transportation: the act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.
3. communication

Usage notes

The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian perhubungan.

• In Indonesia, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about transportation.
• In Singapore, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about communication.
• In Brunei, the prevailing meaning of perhubungan is about both transportation and communication.

Descendants

• Indonesian: perhubungan

Further reading

• “perhubungan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.