qhiyama

Zulu

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ǃʰijaːma/

Verb

-qhiyama^?

1. (intransitive) to be erect, to be upright
2. (intransitive) to sit upright, to stand upright

Inflection

Tone unknown
Infinitive	ukuqhiyama
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuqhiyama	ukungaqhiyami
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	qhiyama	-qhiyame
Plural	qhiyamani	-qhiyameni
	Stative
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiqhiyeme	engiqhiyeme	ngiqhiyeme	angiqhiyeme	engingaqhiyeme	ngingaqhiyeme
2nd singular	uqhiyeme	oqhiyeme	uqhiyeme	awuqhiyeme	ongaqhiyeme	ungaqhiyeme
1st plural	siqhiyeme	esiqhiyeme	siqhiyeme	asiqhiyeme	esingaqhiyeme	singaqhiyeme
2nd plural	niqhiyeme	eniqhiyeme	niqhiyeme	aniqhiyeme	eningaqhiyeme	ningaqhiyeme
Class 1	uqhiyeme	oqhiyeme	eqhiyeme	akaqhiyeme	ongaqhiyeme	engaqhiyeme
Class 2	baqhiyeme	abaqhiyeme	beqhiyeme	abaqhiyeme	abangaqhiyeme	bengaqhiyeme
Class 3	uqhiyeme	oqhiyeme	uqhiyeme	awuqhiyeme	ongaqhiyeme	ongaqhiyeme
Class 4	iqhiyeme	eqhiyeme	iqhiyeme	ayiqhiyeme	engaqhiyeme	ingaqhiyeme
Class 5	liqhiyeme	eliqhiyeme	liqhiyeme	aliqhiyeme	elingaqhiyeme	lingaqhiyeme
Class 6	aqhiyeme	aqhiyeme	eqhiyeme	awaqhiyeme	angaqhiyeme	engaqhiyeme
Class 7	siqhiyeme	esiqhiyeme	siqhiyeme	asiqhiyeme	esingaqhiyeme	singaqhiyeme
Class 8	ziqhiyeme	eziqhiyeme	ziqhiyeme	aziqhiyeme	ezingaqhiyeme	zingaqhiyeme
Class 9	iqhiyeme	eqhiyeme	iqhiyeme	ayiqhiyeme	engaqhiyeme	ingaqhiyeme
Class 10	ziqhiyeme	eziqhiyeme	ziqhiyeme	aziqhiyeme	ezingaqhiyeme	zingaqhiyeme
Class 11	luqhiyeme	oluqhiyeme	luqhiyeme	aluqhiyeme	olungaqhiyeme	lungaqhiyeme
Class 14	buqhiyeme	obuqhiyeme	buqhiyeme	abuqhiyeme	obungaqhiyeme	bungaqhiyeme
Class 15	kuqhiyeme	okuqhiyeme	kuqhiyeme	akuqhiyeme	okungaqhiyeme	kungaqhiyeme
Class 17	kuqhiyeme	okuqhiyeme	kuqhiyeme	akuqhiyeme	okungaqhiyeme	kungaqhiyeme
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaqhiyama, ngiqhiyama	engiqhiyamayo, engiqhiyama	ngiqhiyama	angiqhiyami	engingaqhiyami	ngingaqhiyami
2nd singular	uyaqhiyama, uqhiyama	oqhiyamayo, oqhiyama	uqhiyama	awuqhiyami	ongaqhiyami	ungaqhiyami
1st plural	siyaqhiyama, siqhiyama	esiqhiyamayo, esiqhiyama	siqhiyama	asiqhiyami	esingaqhiyami	singaqhiyami
2nd plural	niyaqhiyama, niqhiyama	eniqhiyamayo, eniqhiyama	niqhiyama	aniqhiyami	eningaqhiyami	ningaqhiyami
Class 1	uyaqhiyama, uqhiyama	oqhiyamayo, oqhiyama	eqhiyama	akaqhiyami	ongaqhiyami	engaqhiyami
Class 2	bayaqhiyama, baqhiyama	abaqhiyamayo, abaqhiyama	beqhiyama	abaqhiyami	abangaqhiyami	bengaqhiyami
Class 3	uyaqhiyama, uqhiyama	oqhiyamayo, oqhiyama	uqhiyama	awuqhiyami	ongaqhiyami	ungaqhiyami
Class 4	iyaqhiyama, iqhiyama	eqhiyamayo, eqhiyama	iqhiyama	ayiqhiyami	engaqhiyami	ingaqhiyami
Class 5	liyaqhiyama, liqhiyama	eliqhiyamayo, eliqhiyama	liqhiyama	aliqhiyami	elingaqhiyami	lingaqhiyami
Class 6	ayaqhiyama, aqhiyama	aqhiyamayo, aqhiyama	eqhiyama	awaqhiyami	angaqhiyami	engaqhiyami
Class 7	siyaqhiyama, siqhiyama	esiqhiyamayo, esiqhiyama	siqhiyama	asiqhiyami	esingaqhiyami	singaqhiyami
Class 8	ziyaqhiyama, ziqhiyama	eziqhiyamayo, eziqhiyama	ziqhiyama	aziqhiyami	ezingaqhiyami	zingaqhiyami
Class 9	iyaqhiyama, iqhiyama	eqhiyamayo, eqhiyama	iqhiyama	ayiqhiyami	engaqhiyami	ingaqhiyami
Class 10	ziyaqhiyama, ziqhiyama	eziqhiyamayo, eziqhiyama	ziqhiyama	aziqhiyami	ezingaqhiyami	zingaqhiyami
Class 11	luyaqhiyama, luqhiyama	oluqhiyamayo, oluqhiyama	luqhiyama	aluqhiyami	olungaqhiyami	lungaqhiyami
Class 14	buyaqhiyama, buqhiyama	obuqhiyamayo, obuqhiyama	buqhiyama	abuqhiyami	obungaqhiyami	bungaqhiyami
Class 15	kuyaqhiyama, kuqhiyama	okuqhiyamayo, okuqhiyama	kuqhiyama	akuqhiyami	okungaqhiyami	kungaqhiyami
Class 17	kuyaqhiyama, kuqhiyama	okuqhiyamayo, okuqhiyama	kuqhiyama	akuqhiyami	okungaqhiyami	kungaqhiyami
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiqhiyamile, ngiqhiyamē	engiqhiyamile, engiqhiyamē	ngiqhiyamile, ngiqhiyamē	angiqhiyamanga	engingaqhiyamanga	ngingaqhiyamanga
2nd singular	uqhiyamile, uqhiyamē	oqhiyamile, oqhiyamē	uqhiyamile, uqhiyamē	awuqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	ungaqhiyamanga
1st plural	siqhiyamile, siqhiyamē	esiqhiyamile, esiqhiyamē	siqhiyamile, siqhiyamē	asiqhiyamanga	esingaqhiyamanga	singaqhiyamanga
2nd plural	niqhiyamile, niqhiyamē	eniqhiyamile, eniqhiyamē	niqhiyamile, niqhiyamē	aniqhiyamanga	eningaqhiyamanga	ningaqhiyamanga
Class 1	uqhiyamile, uqhiyamē	oqhiyamile, oqhiyamē	eqhiyamile, eqhiyamē	akaqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga
Class 2	baqhiyamile, baqhiyamē	abaqhiyamile, abaqhiyamē	beqhiyamile, beqhiyamē	abaqhiyamanga	abangaqhiyamanga	bengaqhiyamanga
Class 3	uqhiyamile, uqhiyamē	oqhiyamile, oqhiyamē	uqhiyamile, uqhiyamē	awuqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	ungaqhiyamanga
Class 4	iqhiyamile, iqhiyamē	eqhiyamile, eqhiyamē	iqhiyamile, iqhiyamē	ayiqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga	ingaqhiyamanga
Class 5	liqhiyamile, liqhiyamē	eliqhiyamile, eliqhiyamē	liqhiyamile, liqhiyamē	aliqhiyamanga	elingaqhiyamanga	lingaqhiyamanga
Class 6	aqhiyamile, aqhiyamē	aqhiyamile, aqhiyamē	eqhiyamile, eqhiyamē	awaqhiyamanga	angaqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga
Class 7	siqhiyamile, siqhiyamē	esiqhiyamile, esiqhiyamē	siqhiyamile, siqhiyamē	asiqhiyamanga	esingaqhiyamanga	singaqhiyamanga
Class 8	ziqhiyamile, ziqhiyamē	eziqhiyamile, eziqhiyamē	ziqhiyamile, ziqhiyamē	aziqhiyamanga	ezingaqhiyamanga	zingaqhiyamanga
Class 9	iqhiyamile, iqhiyamē	eqhiyamile, eqhiyamē	iqhiyamile, iqhiyamē	ayiqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga	ingaqhiyamanga
Class 10	ziqhiyamile, ziqhiyamē	eziqhiyamile, eziqhiyamē	ziqhiyamile, ziqhiyamē	aziqhiyamanga	ezingaqhiyamanga	zingaqhiyamanga
Class 11	luqhiyamile, luqhiyamē	oluqhiyamile, oluqhiyamē	luqhiyamile, luqhiyamē	aluqhiyamanga	olungaqhiyamanga	lungaqhiyamanga
Class 14	buqhiyamile, buqhiyamē	obuqhiyamile, obuqhiyamē	buqhiyamile, buqhiyamē	abuqhiyamanga	obungaqhiyamanga	bungaqhiyamanga
Class 15	kuqhiyamile, kuqhiyamē	okuqhiyamile, okuqhiyamē	kuqhiyamile, kuqhiyamē	akuqhiyamanga	okungaqhiyamanga	kungaqhiyamanga
Class 17	kuqhiyamile, kuqhiyamē	okuqhiyamile, okuqhiyamē	kuqhiyamile, kuqhiyamē	akuqhiyamanga	okungaqhiyamanga	kungaqhiyamanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāqhiyama	engāqhiyama	ngāqhiyama	angiqhiyamanga	engingaqhiyamanga	ngingaqhiyamanga
2nd singular	wāqhiyama	owāqhiyama	wāqhiyama	awuqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	ungaqhiyamanga
1st plural	sāqhiyama	esāqhiyama	sāqhiyama	asiqhiyamanga	esingaqhiyamanga	singaqhiyamanga
2nd plural	nāqhiyama	enāqhiyama	nāqhiyama	aniqhiyamanga	eningaqhiyamanga	ningaqhiyamanga
Class 1	wāqhiyama	owāqhiyama	āqhiyama	akaqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga
Class 2	bāqhiyama	abāqhiyama	bāqhiyama	abaqhiyamanga	abangaqhiyamanga	bengaqhiyamanga
Class 3	wāqhiyama	owāqhiyama	wāqhiyama	awuqhiyamanga	ongaqhiyamanga	ungaqhiyamanga
Class 4	yāqhiyama	eyāqhiyama	yāqhiyama	ayiqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga	ingaqhiyamanga
Class 5	lāqhiyama	elāqhiyama	lāqhiyama	aliqhiyamanga	elingaqhiyamanga	lingaqhiyamanga
Class 6	āqhiyama	āqhiyama	āqhiyama	awaqhiyamanga	angaqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga
Class 7	sāqhiyama	esāqhiyama	sāqhiyama	asiqhiyamanga	esingaqhiyamanga	singaqhiyamanga
Class 8	zāqhiyama	ezāqhiyama	zāqhiyama	aziqhiyamanga	ezingaqhiyamanga	zingaqhiyamanga
Class 9	yāqhiyama	eyāqhiyama	yāqhiyama	ayiqhiyamanga	engaqhiyamanga	ingaqhiyamanga
Class 10	zāqhiyama	ezāqhiyama	zāqhiyama	aziqhiyamanga	ezingaqhiyamanga	zingaqhiyamanga
Class 11	lwāqhiyama	olwāqhiyama	lwāqhiyama	aluqhiyamanga	olungaqhiyamanga	lungaqhiyamanga
Class 14	bāqhiyama	obāqhiyama	bāqhiyama	abuqhiyamanga	obungaqhiyamanga	bungaqhiyamanga
Class 15	kwāqhiyama	okwāqhiyama	kwāqhiyama	akuqhiyamanga	okungaqhiyamanga	kungaqhiyamanga
Class 17	kwāqhiyama	okwāqhiyama	kwāqhiyama	akuqhiyamanga	okungaqhiyamanga	kungaqhiyamanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaqhiyama	—	ngingaqhiyama	ngingeqhiyame	—	ngingeqhiyame
2nd singular	ungaqhiyama	—	ungaqhiyama	ungeqhiyame	—	ungeqhiyame
1st plural	singaqhiyama	—	singaqhiyama	singeqhiyame	—	singeqhiyame
2nd plural	ningaqhiyama	—	ningaqhiyama	ningeqhiyame	—	ningeqhiyame
Class 1	angaqhiyama	—	engaqhiyama	angeqhiyame	—	engeqhiyame
Class 2	bangaqhiyama	—	bengaqhiyama	bangeqhiyame	—	bengeqhiyame
Class 3	ungaqhiyama	—	ungaqhiyama	ungeqhiyame	—	ungeqhiyame
Class 4	ingaqhiyama	—	ingaqhiyama	ingeqhiyame	—	ingeqhiyame
Class 5	lingaqhiyama	—	lingaqhiyama	lingeqhiyame	—	lingeqhiyame
Class 6	angaqhiyama	—	engaqhiyama	angeqhiyame	—	engeqhiyame
Class 7	singaqhiyama	—	singaqhiyama	singeqhiyame	—	singeqhiyame
Class 8	zingaqhiyama	—	zingaqhiyama	zingeqhiyame	—	zingeqhiyame
Class 9	ingaqhiyama	—	ingaqhiyama	ingeqhiyame	—	ingeqhiyame
Class 10	zingaqhiyama	—	zingaqhiyama	zingeqhiyame	—	zingeqhiyame
Class 11	lungaqhiyama	—	lungaqhiyama	lungeqhiyame	—	lungeqhiyame
Class 14	bungaqhiyama	—	bungaqhiyama	bungeqhiyame	—	bungeqhiyame
Class 15	kungaqhiyama	—	kungaqhiyama	kungeqhiyame	—	kungeqhiyame
Class 17	kungaqhiyama	—	kungaqhiyama	kungeqhiyame	—	kungeqhiyame
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoqhiyama	engizoqhiyama	ngizoqhiyama	angizuqhiyama	engingezuqhiyama	ngingezuqhiyama
2nd singular	uzoqhiyama	ozoqhiyama	uzoqhiyama	awuzuqhiyama	ongezuqhiyama	ungezuqhiyama
1st plural	sizoqhiyama	esizoqhiyama	sizoqhiyama	asizuqhiyama	esingezuqhiyama	singezuqhiyama
2nd plural	nizoqhiyama	enizoqhiyama	nizoqhiyama	anizuqhiyama	eningezuqhiyama	ningezuqhiyama
Class 1	uzoqhiyama	ozoqhiyama	ezoqhiyama	akazuqhiyama	ongezuqhiyama	engezuqhiyama
Class 2	bazoqhiyama	abazoqhiyama	bezoqhiyama	abazuqhiyama	abangezuqhiyama	bengezuqhiyama
Class 3	uzoqhiyama	ozoqhiyama	uzoqhiyama	awuzuqhiyama	ongezuqhiyama	ungezuqhiyama
Class 4	izoqhiyama	ezoqhiyama	izoqhiyama	ayizuqhiyama	engezuqhiyama	ingezuqhiyama
Class 5	lizoqhiyama	elizoqhiyama	lizoqhiyama	alizuqhiyama	elingezuqhiyama	lingezuqhiyama
Class 6	azoqhiyama	azoqhiyama	ezoqhiyama	awazuqhiyama	angezuqhiyama	engezuqhiyama
Class 7	sizoqhiyama	esizoqhiyama	sizoqhiyama	asizuqhiyama	esingezuqhiyama	singezuqhiyama
Class 8	zizoqhiyama	ezizoqhiyama	zizoqhiyama	azizuqhiyama	ezingezuqhiyama	zingezuqhiyama
Class 9	izoqhiyama	ezoqhiyama	izoqhiyama	ayizuqhiyama	engezuqhiyama	ingezuqhiyama
Class 10	zizoqhiyama	ezizoqhiyama	zizoqhiyama	azizuqhiyama	ezingezuqhiyama	zingezuqhiyama
Class 11	luzoqhiyama	oluzoqhiyama	luzoqhiyama	aluzuqhiyama	olungezuqhiyama	lungezuqhiyama
Class 14	buzoqhiyama	obuzoqhiyama	buzoqhiyama	abuzuqhiyama	obungezuqhiyama	bungezuqhiyama
Class 15	kuzoqhiyama	okuzoqhiyama	kuzoqhiyama	akuzuqhiyama	okungezuqhiyama	kungezuqhiyama
Class 17	kuzoqhiyama	okuzoqhiyama	kuzoqhiyama	akuzuqhiyama	okungezuqhiyama	kungezuqhiyama
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoqhiyama	engiyoqhiyama	ngiyoqhiyama	angiyuqhiyama	engingeyuqhiyama	ngingeyuqhiyama
2nd singular	uyoqhiyama	oyoqhiyama	uyoqhiyama	awuyuqhiyama	ongeyuqhiyama	ungeyuqhiyama
1st plural	siyoqhiyama	esiyoqhiyama	siyoqhiyama	asiyuqhiyama	esingeyuqhiyama	singeyuqhiyama
2nd plural	niyoqhiyama	eniyoqhiyama	niyoqhiyama	aniyuqhiyama	eningeyuqhiyama	ningeyuqhiyama
Class 1	uyoqhiyama	oyoqhiyama	eyoqhiyama	akayuqhiyama	ongeyuqhiyama	engeyuqhiyama
Class 2	bayoqhiyama	abayoqhiyama	beyoqhiyama	abayuqhiyama	abangeyuqhiyama	bengeyuqhiyama
Class 3	uyoqhiyama	oyoqhiyama	uyoqhiyama	awuyuqhiyama	ongeyuqhiyama	ungeyuqhiyama
Class 4	iyoqhiyama	eyoqhiyama	iyoqhiyama	ayiyuqhiyama	engeyuqhiyama	ingeyuqhiyama
Class 5	liyoqhiyama	eliyoqhiyama	liyoqhiyama	aliyuqhiyama	elingeyuqhiyama	lingeyuqhiyama
Class 6	ayoqhiyama	ayoqhiyama	eyoqhiyama	awayuqhiyama	angeyuqhiyama	engeyuqhiyama
Class 7	siyoqhiyama	esiyoqhiyama	siyoqhiyama	asiyuqhiyama	esingeyuqhiyama	singeyuqhiyama
Class 8	ziyoqhiyama	eziyoqhiyama	ziyoqhiyama	aziyuqhiyama	ezingeyuqhiyama	zingeyuqhiyama
Class 9	iyoqhiyama	eyoqhiyama	iyoqhiyama	ayiyuqhiyama	engeyuqhiyama	ingeyuqhiyama
Class 10	ziyoqhiyama	eziyoqhiyama	ziyoqhiyama	aziyuqhiyama	ezingeyuqhiyama	zingeyuqhiyama
Class 11	luyoqhiyama	oluyoqhiyama	luyoqhiyama	aluyuqhiyama	olungeyuqhiyama	lungeyuqhiyama
Class 14	buyoqhiyama	obuyoqhiyama	buyoqhiyama	abuyuqhiyama	obungeyuqhiyama	bungeyuqhiyama
Class 15	kuyoqhiyama	okuyoqhiyama	kuyoqhiyama	akuyuqhiyama	okungeyuqhiyama	kungeyuqhiyama
Class 17	kuyoqhiyama	okuyoqhiyama	kuyoqhiyama	akuyuqhiyama	okungeyuqhiyama	kungeyuqhiyama
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiqhiyame	ngingaqhiyami
2nd singular	uqhiyame	ungaqhiyami
1st plural	siqhiyame	singaqhiyami
2nd plural	niqhiyame	ningaqhiyami
Class 1	aqhiyame	angaqhiyami
Class 2	baqhiyame	bangaqhiyami
Class 3	uqhiyame	ungaqhiyami
Class 4	iqhiyame	ingaqhiyami
Class 5	liqhiyame	lingaqhiyami
Class 6	aqhiyame	angaqhiyami
Class 7	siqhiyame	singaqhiyami
Class 8	ziqhiyame	zingaqhiyami
Class 9	iqhiyame	ingaqhiyami
Class 10	ziqhiyame	zingaqhiyami
Class 11	luqhiyame	lungaqhiyami
Class 14	buqhiyame	bungaqhiyami
Class 15	kuqhiyame	kungaqhiyami
Class 17	kuqhiyame	kungaqhiyami
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaqhiyama	ngangaqhiyama, angaqhiyama, angangaqhiyama
2nd singular	waqhiyama	wangaqhiyama, awaqhiyama, awangaqhiyama
1st plural	saqhiyama	sangaqhiyama, asaqhiyama, asangaqhiyama
2nd plural	naqhiyama	nangaqhiyama, anaqhiyama, anangaqhiyama
Class 1	waqhiyama	wangaqhiyama, akaqhiyama, akangaqhiyama
Class 2	baqhiyama	bangaqhiyama, abaqhiyama, abangaqhiyama
Class 3	waqhiyama	wangaqhiyama, awaqhiyama, awangaqhiyama
Class 4	yaqhiyama	yangaqhiyama, ayaqhiyama, ayangaqhiyama
Class 5	laqhiyama	langaqhiyama, alaqhiyama, alangaqhiyama
Class 6	aqhiyama	angaqhiyama, awaqhiyama, awangaqhiyama
Class 7	saqhiyama	sangaqhiyama, asaqhiyama, asangaqhiyama
Class 8	zaqhiyama	zangaqhiyama, azaqhiyama, azangaqhiyama
Class 9	yaqhiyama	yangaqhiyama, ayaqhiyama, ayangaqhiyama
Class 10	zaqhiyama	zangaqhiyama, azaqhiyama, azangaqhiyama
Class 11	lwaqhiyama	lwangaqhiyama, alwaqhiyama, alwangaqhiyama
Class 14	baqhiyama	bangaqhiyama, abaqhiyama, abangaqhiyama
Class 15	kwaqhiyama	kwangaqhiyama, akwaqhiyama, akwangaqhiyama
Class 17	kwaqhiyama	kwangaqhiyama, akwaqhiyama, akwangaqhiyama

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “qhiyama”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “qhiyama (3.2.9)”