rísta
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See also: rista
Old Norse[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp- (“to tear”), which would make it closely related to rífa (“to tear, rip”), Proto-Germanic *rippōną (“to tear off”), etc. Compare Proto-Indo-Iranian *rayš- (“to be hurt, injured”).
Verb[edit]
rísta (singular past indicative reist, plural past indicative ristu, past participle ristinn)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of rísta — active (strong class 1)
| infinitive | rísta | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | rístandi | |
| past participle | ristinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | ríst | reist |
| 2nd-person singular | rístr | reiszt |
| 3rd-person singular | rístr | reist |
| 1st-person plural | rístum | ristum |
| 2nd-person plural | rístið | ristuð |
| 3rd-person plural | rísta | ristu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | rísta | rista |
| 2nd-person singular | rístir | ristir |
| 3rd-person singular | rísti | risti |
| 1st-person plural | rístim | ristim |
| 2nd-person plural | rístið | ristið |
| 3rd-person plural | rísti | risti |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | ríst | |
| 1st-person plural | rístum | |
| 2nd-person plural | rístið | |
Conjugation of rísta — mediopassive (strong class 1)
| infinitive | rístask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | rístandisk | |
| past participle | ristizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | rístumk | ristumk |
| 2nd-person singular | ríszk | reisk |
| 3rd-person singular | ríszk | reisk |
| 1st-person plural | rístumsk | ristumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | rístizk | ristuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | rístask | ristusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | rístumk | ristumk |
| 2nd-person singular | rístisk | ristisk |
| 3rd-person singular | rístisk | ristisk |
| 1st-person plural | rístimsk | ristimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | rístizk | ristizk |
| 3rd-person plural | rístisk | ristisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | ríszk | |
| 1st-person plural | rístumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | rístizk | |
Descendants[edit]
- Icelandic: rista
- Faroese: riste
- Norwegian Bokmål: riste
- Norwegian Nynorsk: rista, riste
- Old Swedish: rista
- Swedish: rista
- Old Danish: rijstæ
- Danish: riste
References[edit]
- rísta in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “857-59”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 857-59