scáth

See also: scath

Irish

Alternative forms

• sgáth (obsolete)

Etymology

From Old Irish scáth, from Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-.

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /sˠkɑː/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈsˠkaː/

Noun

scáth m (genitive singular scátha, nominative plural scáthanna)

1. shadow, shade
2. umbrella (something that covers a wide range of concepts, ideas, etc.), mantle (anything that covers or conceals something else)
3. horror, dread
4. shyness, timidity

Declension

Declension of scáth

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative scáth scáthanna Vocative a scáth a scáthanna Genitive scátha scáthanna Dative scáth scáthanna

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an scáth na scáthanna Genitive an scátha na scáthanna Dative leis an scáth don scáth leis na scáthanna

Derived terms

• ar scáth
• scáth báistí
• scáth fearthainne
• scáth gréine
• scáthach
• scáthaigh
• scáthán
• scáthbhrat (“awning”)
• scáthcheil (“to screen”)
• scáthchruth

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
scáth	not applicable	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “scáth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• “scáth”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “scáṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 603
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “scáth”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 70

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *skātu, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-. Cognate with English shadow.

The u-stem declension is the older one of the two.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skaːθ/

Noun

scáth n

1. shadow, shade
2. reflection
3. phantom, spectre
4. protection

Declension

Neuter u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	scáthN	scáthL	scáthL, scátha
Vocative	scáthN	scáthL	scáth
Accusative	scáthN	scáthL	scáth
Genitive	scathaH, scáthaH	scathaN, scáthaN	scáthN
Dative	scáthL	scáthaib	scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Neuter o-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	scáthN	scáthN	scáthL, scátha
Vocative	scáthN	scáthN	scáthL, scátha
Accusative	scáthN	scáthN	scáthL, scátha
Genitive	scáithL	scáth	scáthN
Dative	scáthL	scáthaib	scáthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: scáth
• Manx: scaa
• Scottish Gaelic: sgàth
• ⇒ Middle Irish: scáthán
  • Irish: scáthán

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
scáth	scáth	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “scáth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language