sjhm

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ jhm (“to move slowly, to keep back”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛihɛm/
  • Conventional anglicization: seihem

Verb

 caus. 3-lit.

1. (transitive, hapax) to keep back, to detain

Inflection

Conjugation of sjhm (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: sjhm

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
sjhm	sjhmw, sjhm	sjhmt	sjhm	sjhm

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
sjhm	ḥr sjhm	m sjhm	r sjhm

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
			aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	sjhm.n	sjhmw, sjhm	consecutive	sjhm.jn	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative	sjhmt
perfective3	sjhm	active + .tj1, .tw2	obligative1	sjhm.ḫr	active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective	sjhm	active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3	sjhmw, sjhm, sjhmy	sjhmw, sjhm, sjhmy	potentialis1	sjhm.kꜣ	active + .tj1, .tw2
		active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive	sjhm	active + .tj1, .tw2

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sjhm.n	active + .tj1, .tw2	—	—
perfective	sjhm	active + .tj1, .tw2	sjhm	sjhm, sjhmw5, sjhmy5
imperfective	sjhm, sjhmy, sjhmw5	active + .tj1, .tw2	sjhm, sjhmj6, sjhmy6	sjhm, sjhmw5
prospective	sjhm, sjhmtj7	—	sjhmwtj1 4, sjhmtj4, sjhmt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 384.