Egyptian [ edit ] Etymology 1 [ edit ] Pronunciation [ edit ] m
a court title royal friend , courtier Inflection [ edit ]
Declension of smr (masculine)
Alternative forms [ edit ]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of smr
Derived terms [ edit ] Etymology 2 [ edit ] s- ( causative prefix ) + mr ( “ to be ill or in pain, to suffer ” ) .
Pronunciation [ edit ] caus. 2-lit.
( transitive ) inflict pain on, to hurt Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of smr (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: smr
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
smrt , smr smrw , smr smrt smr smr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
smr ḥr smr m smr r smr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
smr.n smrw , smr consecutive
smr.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
smrt
perfective 3
smr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
smr.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
smr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
smrw , smr , smry smrw , smr , smry potentialis1
smr.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
smr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
smr.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
smr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 smr smr , smrw 5 , smry 5
imperfective
smr , smry , smrw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 smr , smrj 6 , smry 6 smr , smrw 5
prospective
smr , smrtj 7 —
smrwtj 1 4 , smrtj 4 , smrt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
References [ edit ] James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN pages 60, 280, 317 Hoch, James (1997 ) Middle Egyptian Grammar , Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN page 121 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 229 
