steken

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsteːkə(n)/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ste‧ken
• Rhymes: -eːkən

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch stēken, from Old Dutch *stecan, from Proto-West Germanic *stekan, from Proto-Germanic *stikaną, originally a class 1 strong verb.

Verb

steken

1. (transitive) to prick, sting
2. (intransitive) to sting, hurt
3. (transitive) to stab, thrust (with a sharp instrument such as a dagger)
4. (transitive) to insert, put in

   Ik hoorde hoe een sleutel in het slot werd gestoken.

   I heard a key being inserted into the keyhole.

Inflection

Inflection of steken (strong class 4)
infinitive	steken
past singular	stak
past participle	gestoken
infinitive	steken
gerund	steken n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	steek	stak
2nd person sing. (jij)	steekt	stak
2nd person sing. (u)	steekt	stak
2nd person sing. (gij)	steekt	staakt
3rd person singular	steekt	stak
plural	steken	staken
subjunctive sing.1	steke	stake
subjunctive plur.1	steken	staken
imperative sing.	steek
imperative plur.1	steekt
participles	stekend	gestoken
1) Archaic.

Synonyms

• (prick): prikken

Derived terms

• aansteken
• afsteken
• besteken
• in brand steken
• in de rug steken
• insteken
• neersteken
• opsteken
• oversteken
• steekschuim
• steekwapen
• uitsteken
• van wal steken
• versteken

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: steek
• Negerhollands: steek, stik, stek
• Skepi Creole Dutch: stokwe
• → Papiamentu: staka

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

steken

1. plural of steek

Anagrams

• tekens

Low German

Etymology

From Old Saxon stekan, from Proto-West Germanic *stekan, from Proto-Germanic *stikaną.

Verb

steken (past steek or stook, past participle steken or staken, auxiliary verb hebben)

1. (transitive) to stick (someone or something); to poke
2. (transitive or intransitive) to sting; to bite; to prick
3. (transitive) to stab
4. (transitive) to cut; to chop
5. (transitive, of the sun) to burn
6. (transitive, card games) to take; to trump; to capture

Conjugation

Conjugation of steken (regular past forms)

infinitive	steken
indicative	present	preterite
1st person singular	steek	steek
2nd person singular	sticks(t)	steeks(t)
3rd person singular	stick(t)	steek
plural	steekt, steeken	steken
imperative	present	—
singular	steek
plural	steekt
participle	present	past
	steken	(e)steken, gesteken
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Conjugation of steken (irregular past forms)

infinitive	steken
indicative	present	preterite
1st person singular	steek	stook
2nd person singular	sticks(t)	stooks(t)
3rd person singular	stick(t)	stook
plural	steekt, steeken	stoken
imperative	present	—
singular	steek
plural	steekt
participle	present	past
	steken	(e)staken, gestaken
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects.

Derived terms

• dootsteken

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *stecan, from Proto-West Germanic *stekan, from Proto-Germanic *stikaną, originally a class 1 strong verb.

Verb

stēken

1. to prick, sting
2. to stab, thrust (with a sharp instrument such as a dagger)
3. to stick, to push (into something)
4. to drive off, to chase away
5. to light (fire)
6. to place, to position, to bring

Inflection

Strong class 4
Infinitive	stēken
3rd sg. past	stac
3rd pl. past	stâken
Past participle	gestōken
Infinitive	stēken
In genitive	stēkens
In dative	stēkene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	stēke	stac
2nd singular	stēecs, stēkes	stâecs, stâkes
3rd singular	stēect, stēket	stac
1st plural	stēken	stâken
2nd plural	stēect, stēket	stâect, stâket
3rd plural	stēken	stâken
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	stēke	stâke
2nd singular	stēecs, stēkes	stâkes
3rd singular	stēke	stâke
1st plural	stēken	stâken
2nd plural	stēect, stēket	stâket
3rd plural	stēken	stâken
Imperative	Present
Singular	stec, stēec, stēke
Plural	stēect, stēket
	Present	Past
Participle	stēkende	gestōken

Descendants

• Dutch: steken
• Limburgish: staeke

Further reading

• “steken (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “steken”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

Swedish

Noun

steken

1. definite singular of stek c (“steak”)
2. definite plural of stek n (“knot”)

Anagrams

• sekten, skenet