thống khổ

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Vietnamese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 痛苦.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˧˦ xo˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ kʰow˧˨] ~ [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˧˥ xow˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ kʰow˨˩˦] ~ [tʰəwŋ͡m˦˥ xow˨˩˦]

Adjective[edit]

thống khổ

(literary) wretched; miserable; in agony; grievous

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