txuj ci

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White Hmong[edit]

Etymology[edit]

This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Probably borrowed from Middle Chinese 組織 (MC tsuX tsyiH|tsyik, “organization”), though the semantics are a bit off, especially for a Sinitic loanword. That said, a semantic shift from "organization" > "way of arrangement" > "method" is reasonable; even Sino-Xenic words undergo semantic shifts at times (a classic example is Japanese 勉強 (benkyō) shifting from "forced, reluctantly do" > "studying"), so a Sinospheric but non-Sino-Xenic language inducing a semantic shift is far from impossible.

Other possibilities: "txuj" could probably be borrowed from Middle Chinese (MC tsok, “rule, standard”), but then what is "ci"? "ci" has a meaning of "bright, brilliant", so "bright rule" > "method", but this seems very folk-etymological. Or is this term native Hmongic?”

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

txuj ci (classifier: tus)

  1. principle, method, way of doing things, plan
  2. science, rule
  3. wisdom
  4. (artistic) skill, ability

References[edit]

  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary[1], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 384.