ysgrifennu

Welsh

Alternative forms

• sgrifennu (colloquial)
• sgwennu (colloquial)

Etymology

From Middle Welsh ysgriuennu, from Proto-Brythonic *ɨskrivenn, from Latin scrībendum, gerund of scrībō.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard) IPA^(key): /əsɡrɪˈvɛnɨ/, [əskrɪˈvɛnɨ̞]
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /sɡrɪˈvɛnɨ/, [skrɪˈvɛnɨ̞], /ˈsɡwɛnɨ/, [ˈskwɛnɨ̞]
• (South Wales, standard) IPA^(key): /əsɡrɪˈvɛni/, [əskrɪˈvɛni]
  • (South Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /sɡrɪˈvɛni/, [skrɪˈvɛni]
• Rhymes: -ɛnɨ̞

Verb

ysgrifennu (first-person singular present ysgrifennaf)

1. to write

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	ysgrifennaf	ysgrifenni	ysgrifenna	ysgrifennwn	ysgrifennwch	ysgrifennant	ysgrifennir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	ysgrifennwn	ysgrifennit	ysgrifennai	ysgrifennem	ysgrifennech	ysgrifennent	ysgrifennid
preterite	ysgrifennais	ysgrifennaist	ysgrifennodd	ysgrifenasom	ysgrifenasoch	ysgrifenasant	ysgrifennwyd
pluperfect	ysgrifenaswn	ysgrifenasit	ysgrifenasai	ysgrifenasem	ysgrifenasech	ysgrifenasent	ysgrifenasid, ysgrifenesid
present subjunctive	ysgrifennwyf	ysgrifennych	ysgrifenno	ysgrifennom	ysgrifennoch	ysgrifennont	ysgrifenner
imperative	—	ysgrifenna	ysgrifenned	ysgrifennwn	ysgrifennwch	ysgrifennent	ysgrifenner
verbal noun	ysgrifennu
verbal adjectives	ysgrifenedig ysgrifenadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	ysgrifenna i, ysgrifennaf i	ysgrifenni di	ysgrifennith o/e/hi, ysgrifenniff e/hi	ysgrifennwn ni	ysgrifennwch chi	ysgrifennan nhw
conditional	ysgrifennwn i, ysgrifenswn i	ysgrifennet ti, ysgrifenset ti	ysgrifennai fo/fe/hi, ysgrifensai fo/fe/hi	ysgrifennen ni, ysgrifensen ni	ysgrifennech chi, ysgrifensech chi	ysgrifennen nhw, ysgrifensen nhw
preterite	ysgrifennais i, ysgrifennes i	ysgrifennaist ti, ysgrifennest ti	ysgrifennodd o/e/hi	ysgrifennon ni	ysgrifennoch chi	ysgrifennon nhw
imperative	—	ysgrifenna	—	—	ysgrifennwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
ysgrifennu	unchanged	unchanged	hysgrifennu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “ysgrifennaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies