żal

See also: Appendix:Variations of "zal"

Maltese

Root
ż-w-l
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic زَالَ (zāla).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /zaːl/

Verb

żal (imperfect jżul)

1. to go away

Conjugation

Conjugation of żal
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
perfect	m	żolt	żolt	żal		żolna	żoltu	żalu
	f			żalet
imperfect	m	nżul	żżul	jżul		nżulu	żżulu	jżulu
	f			żżul
imperative			żul				żulu

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʐal/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -al
• Syllabification: żal
• Homophone: Żal

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *žalь.

Noun

żal m inan

1. grief, regret, sorrow (emotional pain on account of something done or experienced in the past, with a wish that it had been different; a looking back with dissatisfaction or with longing)

   Hypernym: smutek

   żal po czyjejś śmierci ― grief over someone's death

2. grief, regret, sorrow (remorse after committing something wrong)

   Hypernym: skrucha

   żal za grzechy ― sorrow for one's sins

3. grievance, grudge (animosity or ill will against someone or something caused by disappointment)

   Hypernym: pretensja

   żal do ojca ― grudge against one's father

4. (in the plural) complaints, grievances, lamentations, regrets (statements in which someone laments or complains about something)

   wysłuchiwać żalów ― to listen to someone's grievances

5. (in the plural, historical, poetry) żale (lyrical work in Old Polish literature expressing complaints about fate, pain due to some misfortune, or grief after someone's death)

Declension

Declension of żal

	singular	plural
nominative	żal	żale
genitive	żalu	żalów
dative	żalowi	żalom
accusative	żal	żale
instrumental	żalem	żalami
locative	żalu	żalach
vocative	żalu	żale

Derived terms

verb

• żałować impf

 

Verb

żal impf (defective)

1. (intransitive) to grieve, to pity (to feel sympathy for someone; to feel sorry for someone) [+dative] [+genitive]

   Żal mi jego dzieci. ― I feel sorry for his children.

2. (intransitive) to regret (to feel sadness about something one has or has not done, or about what has passed and what one has lost) [+dative] [+genitive] or [+dative] [+infinitive] or [+dative] [+że]

   Żal nam stąd wyjeżdżać, ale mamy pełno rzeczy do zrobienia u siebie. ― We don't want to leave this place but we have a lot of work to do.

3. (intransitive) to have a sense of wasting something that is important and valuable, and which one would like to see put to good use [+dative] [+genitive] [+ na (accusative)] or [+dative] [+infinitive]

   Żal mi czasu na dyskutowanie z tobą, i tak nie zrozumiesz. ― I'm not gonna waste my time discussing it with you, you won't understand anyway.

Conjugation

Conjugation of żal def

present tense	żal
past tense	było żal
future tense	będzie żal
conditional	byłoby żal
imperative	niech będzie żal

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

żal

1. second-person singular imperative of żalić

Further reading

• żal I in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• żal II in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• żale in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• żal in Polish dictionaries at PWN