λοφνίς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• λοφνία (lophnía)

Etymology

From an unattested *λόφνος (*lóphnos) +‎ -ῐ́ς (-ís). It may derive from the same root of λέπω (lépō, “to peel”) and λοπός (lopós, “shell, bark”); the suffix is also seen in λύχνος (lúkhnos, “lamp”). However, according to Beekes, this solution is rather uncertain. Another theory by Furnée links the word to Georgian ლაფანი (lapani, “bast”), suggesting a byform *λάφνη (*láphnē).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lo.pʰnís/ → /loˈɸnis/ → /loˈfnis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lo.pʰnís/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /loˈpʰnis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /loˈɸnis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /loˈfnis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /loˈfnis/

Noun

λοφνῐ́ς • (lophnís) f (genitive λοφνῐ́δος); third declension

1. torch made of vine bark

   Synonyms: γράβιον (grábion), γρυνός (grunós), δαΐς (daḯs), δᾰ́ος (dáos), ἑλένη (helénē), λαμπάς (lampás), πανός (panós), πυρσός (pursós), φανή (phanḗ), φρῠκτός (phruktós)

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ λοφνῐ́ς; τῆς λοφνῐ́δος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ λοφνῐ́ς hē lophnís	τὼ λοφνῐ́δε tṑ lophníde	αἱ λοφνῐ́δες hai lophnídes
Genitive	τῆς λοφνῐ́δος tês lophnídos	τοῖν λοφνῐ́δοιν toîn lophnídoin	τῶν λοφνῐ́δων tôn lophnídōn
Dative	τῇ λοφνῐ́δῐ têi lophnídi	τοῖν λοφνῐ́δοιν toîn lophnídoin	ταῖς λοφνῐ́σῐ / λοφνῐ́σῐν taîs lophnísi(n)
Accusative	τὴν λοφνῐ́δᾰ tḕn lophnída	τὼ λοφνῐ́δε tṑ lophníde	τᾱ̀ς λοφνῐ́δᾰς tā̀s lophnídas
Vocative	λοφνῐ́ς lophnís	λοφνῐ́δε lophníde	λοφνῐ́δες lophnídes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ds.

Descendants

• λοφνίδια (lophnídia)

Further reading

• “λοφνίς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• λοφνίς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
• Furnée, Edzard Johan (1979) Vorgriechisch-Kartvelisches: Studien zum ostmediterranen Substrat nebst einem Versuch zu einer neuen pelasgischen Theorie (in German), Editions Peeters, →ISBN, pages 23, 26