πενθικός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From πένθος (pénthos, “sorrow, mourning”) +‎ -ῐκός (-ikós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pen.tʰi.kós/ → /pen.θiˈkos/ → /pen.θiˈkos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pen.tʰi.kós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pen.tʰiˈkos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /pen.θiˈkos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /pen.θiˈkos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /pen.θiˈkos/

Noun

πενθῐκός • (penthikós) m (feminine πενθῐκή, neuter πενθῐκόν); first/second declension

1. Of or relating to mourning
   • 1943, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry (Translation by Juan Coderch), Τὸ Βασιλείδιον

     μεθύσκομαι, ἀπεκρίνατο ὁ φιλοπότης πενθικῶς
     "I am drinking," replied the tippler, with a lugubrious air.

     methúskomai, apekrínato ho philopótēs penthikôs
     "I am drinking," replied the tippler, with a lugubrious air.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (πενθικῶς ἔχω + genitive) to be in mourning for
   • Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.2.7:

     πενθικῶς δ᾽ ἔχουσαν τοῦ ἀδελφοῦ τεθνηκότος

     penthikôs d᾽ ékhousan toû adelphoû tethnēkótos

     • 1914 translation by Walter Miller

       but in mourning for her brother who was dead

Inflection

First and second declension of πενθῐκός; πενθῐκή; πενθῐκόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		πενθῐκός penthikós	πενθῐκή penthikḗ	πενθῐκόν penthikón		πενθῐκώ penthikṓ	πενθῐκᾱ́ penthikā́	πενθῐκώ penthikṓ		πενθῐκοί penthikoí	πενθῐκαί penthikaí	πενθῐκᾰ́ penthiká
Genitive		πενθῐκοῦ penthikoû	πενθῐκῆς penthikês	πενθῐκοῦ penthikoû		πενθῐκοῖν penthikoîn	πενθῐκαῖν penthikaîn	πενθῐκοῖν penthikoîn		πενθῐκῶν penthikôn	πενθῐκῶν penthikôn	πενθῐκῶν penthikôn
Dative		πενθῐκῷ penthikôi	πενθῐκῇ penthikêi	πενθῐκῷ penthikôi		πενθῐκοῖν penthikoîn	πενθῐκαῖν penthikaîn	πενθῐκοῖν penthikoîn		πενθῐκοῖς penthikoîs	πενθῐκαῖς penthikaîs	πενθῐκοῖς penthikoîs
Accusative		πενθῐκόν penthikón	πενθῐκήν penthikḗn	πενθῐκόν penthikón		πενθῐκώ penthikṓ	πενθῐκᾱ́ penthikā́	πενθῐκώ penthikṓ		πενθῐκούς penthikoús	πενθῐκᾱ́ς penthikā́s	πενθῐκᾰ́ penthiká
Vocative		πενθῐκέ penthiké	πενθῐκή penthikḗ	πενθῐκόν penthikón		πενθῐκώ penthikṓ	πενθῐκᾱ́ penthikā́	πενθῐκώ penthikṓ		πενθῐκοί penthikoí	πενθῐκαί penthikaí	πενθῐκᾰ́ penthiká
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		πενθῐκῶς penthikôs				πενθῐκώτερος penthikṓteros				πενθῐκώτᾰτος penthikṓtatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “πενθικός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press