патя

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *patiti, limited to South Slavic languages. Cognate with Macedonian пати (pati), Serbo-Croatian па̏тити.

Either of expressive origin from the interjection Bulgarian пат (pat, “clap, dab”) or related (borrowed or akin) to Latin patior (“to suffer”), possibly Ancient Greek πᾰ́σχω (páskhō, “to undergo, to experience”) (see Ancient Greek πᾰ́θος (páthos, “pain, misfortune”) for further etymology).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpatʲɐ]

Verb

па́тя • (pátja) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective па́щам or па́там)

1. (intransitive) to fare misfortune, to suffer

   Synonyms: търпя́ (tǎrpjá), стра́дам (strádam)

2. (transitive, dialectal, dated) to drag, to push

   Synonyms: те́гля (téglja), бу́там (bútam)

3. (reflexive with си) to experience trouble, misery, pain, distress

   патя си от ― patja si ot ― to suffer from

Conjugation

    Conjugation of па́тя (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	па́тещ pátešt	па́тил, пати́л1 pátil, patíl1	па́тел pátel	—		па́тейки pátejki
	definite subject form	па́тещият páteštijat	па́тилият, пати́лият1 pátilijat, patílijat1	—	—
	definite object form	па́тещия páteštija	па́тилия, пати́лия1 pátilija, patílija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	па́теща pátešta	па́тила, пати́ла1 pátila, patíla1	па́тела pátela	—
	definite	па́тещата páteštata	па́тилата, пати́лата1 pátilata, patílata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	па́тещо pátešto	па́тило, пати́ло1 pátilo, patílo1	па́тело pátelo	—	па́тене pátene
	definite	па́тещото páteštoto	па́тилото, пати́лото1 pátiloto, patíloto1	—	—	па́тенето páteneto
plural	indefinite	па́тещи pátešti	па́тили, пати́ли1 pátili, patíli1	па́тели páteli	—	па́тения, па́тенета pátenija, páteneta
	definite	па́тещите páteštite	па́тилите, пати́лите1 pátilite, patílite1	—	—	па́тенията, па́тенетата pátenijata, pátenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		па́тя pátja	па́тиш pátiš	па́ти páti	па́тим pátim	па́тите pátite	па́тят pátjat
imperfect		па́тех páteh	па́теше páteše	па́теше páteše	па́техме pátehme	па́техте pátehte	па́теха páteha
aorist		па́тих, пати́х1 pátih, patíh1	па́ти, пати́1 páti, patí1	па́ти, пати́1 páti, patí1	па́тихме, пати́хме1 pátihme, patíhme1	па́тихте, пати́хте1 pátihte, patíhte1	па́тиха, пати́ха1 pátiha, patíha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́тел m, па́тела f, па́тело n, or па́тели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and па́тел m, па́тела f, па́тело n, or па́тели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́тел m, па́тела f, па́тело n, or па́тели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and па́тил/пати́л1 m, па́тила/пати́ла1 f, па́тило/пати́ло1 n, or па́тили/пати́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			пати́ patí			пате́те patéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• изпа́тя impf (izpátja), изпа́щам pf (izpáštam, “to suffer through”)
• напа́тя impf (napátja), напа́щам pf (napáštam), напа́тувам pf (napátuvam, “to go through trouble”)
• oпа́тя impf (opátja), опа́щам pf (opáštam, “to get through pain, trouble”)
• препа́тя impf (prepátja), препа́тувам pf (prepátuvam, “to endure hardship”)
• патло́ (patló, “burden”) (dialectal)
• пати́ло (patílo), пати́лка (patílka, “small suffering, pain, distress”)
• патия́ (patijá, “big hardship, suffering”) (obsolete)
• патила́н (patilán), патила́нец (patilánec, “troublemaker”)
• патник m (patnik), па́тница f (pátnica, “sufferer, victim”)

Related terms

• па́ткам (pátkam, “to bang, to dab, to clap”) (possibly)
• па́тос (pátos, “pathos”) (possibly, if really borrowed from Ancient Greek πᾰ́σχω (páskhō))

References

• “патя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “патя”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “патя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 101