ثواب

Arabic

Root
ث و ب (ṯ-w-b)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θa.waːb/

Noun

ثَوَاب • (ṯawāb) m

1. remuneration; reward
2. (Islam) sawab; a spiritual merit or reward that accrues from giving prayers or from performance of good deeds and piety

Declension

Declension of noun ثَوَاب (ṯawāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ثَوَاب ṯawāb	الثَّوَاب aṯ-ṯawāb	ثَوَاب ṯawāb
Nominative	ثَوَابٌ ṯawābun	الثَّوَابُ aṯ-ṯawābu	ثَوَابُ ṯawābu
Accusative	ثَوَابًا ṯawāban	الثَّوَابَ aṯ-ṯawāba	ثَوَابَ ṯawāba
Genitive	ثَوَابٍ ṯawābin	الثَّوَابِ aṯ-ṯawābi	ثَوَابِ ṯawābi

Antonyms

• عِقَاب (ʕiqāb, “punishment”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: savab
• → Bashkir: сауап (sawap)
• → Kazakh: сауап (sauap)
• → Persian: ثواب
  • → Gujarati: સવાબ (savāb)
  • → Urdu: ثواب (svāb)
• → Ottoman Turkish: ثواب (sevab)
  • Turkish: sevap
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਸਵਾਬ (savāb)

  Shahmukhi script: ثواب (savāb)

• → Swahili: thawabu
• → Uzbek: savob

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic ثَوَاب (ṯawāb).

Noun

ثواب • (sevab) (plural اثواب)

1. (religion) divine reward, remuneration (for a good deed)

Descendants

• Turkish: sevap

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ثَوَاب (ṯawāb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.ˈwɑːβ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.wɑ́ːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.wɑ́ːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.wɑ́ːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.wɔ́ːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæ.vɒ́ːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.vɔ́b]

Readings
Classical reading?	sawāḇ
Dari reading?	sawāb
Iranian reading?	savâb
Tajik reading?	savob

Noun

ثواب • (savâb)

1. divine reward, remuneration (for a good deed)
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 422”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:

     آفرین بر دل نرم تو که از بهر ثواب
     کشتهٔ غمزهٔ خود را به نماز آمده‌ای

     āfarīn bar dil-i narm-i tu ki az bahr-i sawāb
     kušta-yi ğamza-yi xwad rā ba namāz āmada'ī

     Praise upon your tender heart! For the sake of divine reward
     You have begun to pray for those who were killed by your flirtatiousness.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Descendants

• → Gujarati: સવાબ (savāb)

Sindhi

Etymology

From Classical Persian ثواب (sawāb).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [savɑːb]

Noun

ثواب • (savābu) m (Devanagari सवाबु)

1. rectitude, merit, virtue

References

• “ثواب”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866-1938

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ثواب (sawāb), from Arabic ثَوَاب (ṯawāb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sə.ʋɑːb/

Noun

ثَواب • (savāb) m (Hindi spelling सवाब)

1. requital, reward
2. good deed

References

• “ثواب”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “ثواب”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.