حبق

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Arabic[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Root
ح ب ق (ḥ-b-q)

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

حَبَقَ • (ḥabaqa) I, non-past يَحْبِقُ‎ (yaḥbiqu) (obsolete)

  1. to pass gas
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
حَبَقَ
(form-I sound, verbal nouns حَبْق or حُباق)
verbal nouns
الْمَصَادِر
حَبْق or حُباق

ḥabq or ḥubāq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ḥābiq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maḥbūq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ḥabaqtu
ḥabaqta
حَبَقَ

ḥabaqa
ḥabaqtumā
ḥabaqā
ḥabaqnā
ḥabaqtum
ḥabaqū
f
ḥabaqti
ḥabaqat
ḥabaqatā
ḥabaqtunna
ḥabaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʔaḥbiqu
taḥbiqu
yaḥbiqu
taḥbiqāni
yaḥbiqāni
naḥbiqu
taḥbiqūna
yaḥbiqūna
f
taḥbiqīna
taḥbiqu
taḥbiqāni
taḥbiqna
yaḥbiqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʔaḥbiqa
taḥbiqa
yaḥbiqa
taḥbiqā
yaḥbiqā
naḥbiqa
taḥbiqū
yaḥbiqū
f
taḥbiqī
taḥbiqa
taḥbiqā
taḥbiqna
yaḥbiqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʔaḥbiq
taḥbiq
yaḥbiq
taḥbiqā
yaḥbiqā
naḥbiq
taḥbiqū
yaḥbiqū
f
taḥbiqī
taḥbiq
taḥbiqā
taḥbiqna
yaḥbiqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
iḥbiq
iḥbiqā
iḥbiqū
f
iḥbiqī
iḥbiqna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m — —
حُبِقَ

ḥubiqa 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m — —
yuḥbaqu 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m — —
yuḥbaqa 		— — — — —
f — — — — —
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m — —
yuḥbaq 		— — — — —
f — — — — —

Noun[edit]

حَبْق • (ḥabq) m (obsolete)

  1. verbal noun of حَبَقَ (ḥabaqa) (form I)
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun حَبْق (ḥabq)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal حَبْق
ḥabq 		الْحَبْق
al-ḥabq 		حَبْق
ḥabq
Nominative حَبْقٌ
ḥabqun 		الْحَبْقُ
al-ḥabqu 		حَبْقُ
ḥabqu
Accusative حَبْقًا
ḥabqan 		الْحَبْقَ
al-ḥabqa 		حَبْقَ
ḥabqa
Genitive حَبْقٍ
ḥabqin 		الْحَبْقِ
al-ḥabqi 		حَبْقِ
ḥabqi

Etymology 2[edit]

حَبَق – Ocimum basilicum
 حبق on Arabic Wikipedia

From the root ح ب ق (ḥ-b-q) meaning “to break wind or pass gas”, “to change the smell of air”; originally applied to a wide range of odorous herbs, so called for the aroma released when rubbing such plants. See رَيْحَان (rayḥān, “basil”) for similar semantic development. Cognates with Classical Syriac ܚܘܟܐ (ḥawkā, “basil”) which has been borrowed as حَوْك (ḥawk); although the ending of the form حَبَاقَى (ḥabāqā), حَبَاقَا (ḥabāqā), which was used in the sense of “sweet clover (Melilotus); horned trefoil (Trigonella corniculata)” in 9th century Iraq,[1][2] may point to a loan from Aramaic, of which the Syriac and Arabic would be the only, late remnants.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

حَبَق • (ḥabaq) m

  1. a general name for aromatic Lamiaceae
    1. (now especially) basil (Ocimum gen. et spp.)
    2. (Classical Arabic) mint (Mentha spp.), when without any qualifier then usually pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun حَبَق (ḥabaq)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal حَبَق
ḥabaq 		الْحَبَق
al-ḥabaq 		حَبَق
ḥabaq
Nominative حَبَقٌ
ḥabaqun 		الْحَبَقُ
al-ḥabaqu 		حَبَقُ
ḥabaqu
Accusative حَبَقًا
ḥabaqan 		الْحَبَقَ
al-ḥabaqa 		حَبَقَ
ḥabaqa
Genitive حَبَقٍ
ḥabaqin 		الْحَبَقِ
al-ḥabaqi 		حَبَقِ
ḥabaqi
Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • Freytag, Georg (1830) “حبق”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 336
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “حبق”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 369
  1. ^ In Ibn al-Bayṭār Compendium with taṣḥīf mentioned as an Iraqi word: حيافي: هو الحندقوقة بلغة أهل العراق وسيأتي; then حندقوقي بري: هو الذرق والحباقي; an actual employment of حباقا is in ʾAbū Ḥanīfa Dīnawarī’s Book of Plants, whence it was only copied, as a foreign word, in مروان بن جناح [Marwān ibn Janāḥ] (a. 1050) Gerrit Bos, Fabian Käs, editors, كتاب التلخيص [kitāb at-talḵīṣ] [On the Nomenclature of Medicinal Drugs] (in Arabic), Leiden: Brill, published 2020, →DOI, →ISBN, 389 (fol. 35r, 15–16), page 559, while 341 (fol. 32r, 13–16), page 520 from Ḥunayn ibn ʾIsḥāq’s Kunnāš as a Ḥīrīy designation.
  2. ^ But all registers of Andalusian Arabic used حَبَق (ḥabaq) for “basil”, حَبَاقَى (ḥabāqā), حَبَاقَا (ḥabāqā) for this meaning is counterindicated by the Andalusi Arabic attestation, nor can one, like Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “albahaca”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes I (A–Ca), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 112 uninformedly does, explain the stresses of the Romance borrowings by an analogy with other Arabic borrowings like Spanish almazara, at best one may do this for the apparent singulative ending, for Classical Arabic and hence Maghrebi dialects always had oxytone stress in words containing no long syllable before the last, as has been made clear by Blau, Joshua (1972) “Middle and Old Arabic Material for the History of Stress in Arabic”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies‎[1], volume 35, number 3, pages 476–484.

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Root
ح ب ق
1 term

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic حَبَق (ḥabaq).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

حبق • (ḥabag) m

  1. Ocimum (taxonomic plant genus)
    Synonym: نعناع المدينة

See also[edit]

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic حَبَق (ḥabaq).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ħbaq/
  • Audio(file)

Noun[edit]

حبق • (ḥbaq) m (plural حبوقة (ḥbūqa))

  1. basil
  2. vase
    Synonym: فاز (vāz)
    حط هاد النوار فداك الحبق اللي على شمالك.
    ḥuṭṭ hād en-nuwwār f-dāk la-ḥbaq elli ʕla šmālak.
    Put these flowers on that vase on your left.
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