سبح

See also: شبح

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ب ح (s-b-ḥ). Cognate with Hebrew שבח (shibéakh, “to praise, to appreciate”) and Classical Syriac ܫܒܚ. Possibly related to Egyptian sbḥ (“to cry out, to scream”).

Pronunciation

• Noun: IPA^(key): /sabħ/
• Verb I: IPA^(key): /sa.ba.ħa/
• Verb II: IPA^(key): /sab.ba.ħa/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

سَبْح • (sabḥ) m

1. verbal noun of سَبَحَ (sabaḥa) (form I)
2. praise, laudation

Declension

Declension of noun سَبْح (sabḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَبْح sabḥ	السَّبْح as-sabḥ	سَبْح sabḥ
Nominative	سَبْحٌ sabḥun	السَّبْحُ as-sabḥu	سَبْحُ sabḥu
Accusative	سَبْحًا sabḥan	السَّبْحَ as-sabḥa	سَبْحَ sabḥa
Genitive	سَبْحٍ sabḥin	السَّبْحِ as-sabḥi	سَبْحِ sabḥi

Verb

سَبَحَ • (sabaḥa) I, non-past يَسْبَحُ‎ (yasbaḥu)

1. to be above
2. to swim

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَبَحَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns سَبْح or سِبَاحَة)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						سَبْح or سِبَاحَة sabḥ or sibāḥa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَابِح sābiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْبُوح masbūḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَبَحْتُ sabaḥtu	سَبَحْتَ sabaḥta	سَبَحَ sabaḥa		سَبَحْتُمَا sabaḥtumā	سَبَحَا sabaḥā		سَبَحْنَا sabaḥnā	سَبَحْتُمْ sabaḥtum	سَبَحُوا sabaḥū
	f		سَبَحْتِ sabaḥti	سَبَحَتْ sabaḥat			سَبَحَتَا sabaḥatā			سَبَحْتُنَّ sabaḥtunna	سَبَحْنَ sabaḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسْبَحُ ʔasbaḥu	تَسْبَحُ tasbaḥu	يَسْبَحُ yasbaḥu		تَسْبَحَانِ tasbaḥāni	يَسْبَحَانِ yasbaḥāni		نَسْبَحُ nasbaḥu	تَسْبَحُونَ tasbaḥūna	يَسْبَحُونَ yasbaḥūna
	f		تَسْبَحِينَ tasbaḥīna	تَسْبَحُ tasbaḥu			تَسْبَحَانِ tasbaḥāni			تَسْبَحْنَ tasbaḥna	يَسْبَحْنَ yasbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْبَحَ ʔasbaḥa	تَسْبَحَ tasbaḥa	يَسْبَحَ yasbaḥa		تَسْبَحَا tasbaḥā	يَسْبَحَا yasbaḥā		نَسْبَحَ nasbaḥa	تَسْبَحُوا tasbaḥū	يَسْبَحُوا yasbaḥū
	f		تَسْبَحِي tasbaḥī	تَسْبَحَ tasbaḥa			تَسْبَحَا tasbaḥā			تَسْبَحْنَ tasbaḥna	يَسْبَحْنَ yasbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْبَحْ ʔasbaḥ	تَسْبَحْ tasbaḥ	يَسْبَحْ yasbaḥ		تَسْبَحَا tasbaḥā	يَسْبَحَا yasbaḥā		نَسْبَحْ nasbaḥ	تَسْبَحُوا tasbaḥū	يَسْبَحُوا yasbaḥū
	f		تَسْبَحِي tasbaḥī	تَسْبَحْ tasbaḥ			تَسْبَحَا tasbaḥā			تَسْبَحْنَ tasbaḥna	يَسْبَحْنَ yasbaḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِسْبَحْ isbaḥ			اِسْبَحَا isbaḥā				اِسْبَحُوا isbaḥū
	f		اِسْبَحِي isbaḥī							اِسْبَحْنَ isbaḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	سُبِحَ subiḥa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُسْبَحُ yusbaḥu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُسْبَحَ yusbaḥa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُسْبَحْ yusbaḥ		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Verb

سَبَّحَ • (sabbaḥa) II, non-past يُسَبِّحُ‎ (yusabbiḥu)

1. to praise, to glorify

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَبَّحَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْبِيح tasbīḥ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَبِّح musabbiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَبَّح musabbaḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَبَّحْتُ sabbaḥtu	سَبَّحْتَ sabbaḥta	سَبَّحَ sabbaḥa		سَبَّحْتُمَا sabbaḥtumā	سَبَّحَا sabbaḥā		سَبَّحْنَا sabbaḥnā	سَبَّحْتُمْ sabbaḥtum	سَبَّحُوا sabbaḥū
	f		سَبَّحْتِ sabbaḥti	سَبَّحَتْ sabbaḥat			سَبَّحَتَا sabbaḥatā			سَبَّحْتُنَّ sabbaḥtunna	سَبَّحْنَ sabbaḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَبِّحُ ʔusabbiḥu	تُسَبِّحُ tusabbiḥu	يُسَبِّحُ yusabbiḥu		تُسَبِّحَانِ tusabbiḥāni	يُسَبِّحَانِ yusabbiḥāni		نُسَبِّحُ nusabbiḥu	تُسَبِّحُونَ tusabbiḥūna	يُسَبِّحُونَ yusabbiḥūna
	f		تُسَبِّحِينَ tusabbiḥīna	تُسَبِّحُ tusabbiḥu			تُسَبِّحَانِ tusabbiḥāni			تُسَبِّحْنَ tusabbiḥna	يُسَبِّحْنَ yusabbiḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَبِّحَ ʔusabbiḥa	تُسَبِّحَ tusabbiḥa	يُسَبِّحَ yusabbiḥa		تُسَبِّحَا tusabbiḥā	يُسَبِّحَا yusabbiḥā		نُسَبِّحَ nusabbiḥa	تُسَبِّحُوا tusabbiḥū	يُسَبِّحُوا yusabbiḥū
	f		تُسَبِّحِي tusabbiḥī	تُسَبِّحَ tusabbiḥa			تُسَبِّحَا tusabbiḥā			تُسَبِّحْنَ tusabbiḥna	يُسَبِّحْنَ yusabbiḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَبِّحْ ʔusabbiḥ	تُسَبِّحْ tusabbiḥ	يُسَبِّحْ yusabbiḥ		تُسَبِّحَا tusabbiḥā	يُسَبِّحَا yusabbiḥā		نُسَبِّحْ nusabbiḥ	تُسَبِّحُوا tusabbiḥū	يُسَبِّحُوا yusabbiḥū
	f		تُسَبِّحِي tusabbiḥī	تُسَبِّحْ tusabbiḥ			تُسَبِّحَا tusabbiḥā			تُسَبِّحْنَ tusabbiḥna	يُسَبِّحْنَ yusabbiḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَبِّحْ sabbiḥ			سَبِّحَا sabbiḥā				سَبِّحُوا sabbiḥū
	f		سَبِّحِي sabbiḥī							سَبِّحْنَ sabbiḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُبِّحْتُ subbiḥtu	سُبِّحْتَ subbiḥta	سُبِّحَ subbiḥa		سُبِّحْتُمَا subbiḥtumā	سُبِّحَا subbiḥā		سُبِّحْنَا subbiḥnā	سُبِّحْتُمْ subbiḥtum	سُبِّحُوا subbiḥū
	f		سُبِّحْتِ subbiḥti	سُبِّحَتْ subbiḥat			سُبِّحَتَا subbiḥatā			سُبِّحْتُنَّ subbiḥtunna	سُبِّحْنَ subbiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَبَّحُ ʔusabbaḥu	تُسَبَّحُ tusabbaḥu	يُسَبَّحُ yusabbaḥu		تُسَبَّحَانِ tusabbaḥāni	يُسَبَّحَانِ yusabbaḥāni		نُسَبَّحُ nusabbaḥu	تُسَبَّحُونَ tusabbaḥūna	يُسَبَّحُونَ yusabbaḥūna
	f		تُسَبَّحِينَ tusabbaḥīna	تُسَبَّحُ tusabbaḥu			تُسَبَّحَانِ tusabbaḥāni			تُسَبَّحْنَ tusabbaḥna	يُسَبَّحْنَ yusabbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَبَّحَ ʔusabbaḥa	تُسَبَّحَ tusabbaḥa	يُسَبَّحَ yusabbaḥa		تُسَبَّحَا tusabbaḥā	يُسَبَّحَا yusabbaḥā		نُسَبَّحَ nusabbaḥa	تُسَبَّحُوا tusabbaḥū	يُسَبَّحُوا yusabbaḥū
	f		تُسَبَّحِي tusabbaḥī	تُسَبَّحَ tusabbaḥa			تُسَبَّحَا tusabbaḥā			تُسَبَّحْنَ tusabbaḥna	يُسَبَّحْنَ yusabbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَبَّحْ ʔusabbaḥ	تُسَبَّحْ tusabbaḥ	يُسَبَّحْ yusabbaḥ		تُسَبَّحَا tusabbaḥā	يُسَبَّحَا yusabbaḥā		نُسَبَّحْ nusabbaḥ	تُسَبَّحُوا tusabbaḥū	يُسَبَّحُوا yusabbaḥū
	f		تُسَبَّحِي tusabbaḥī	تُسَبَّحْ tusabbaḥ			تُسَبَّحَا tusabbaḥā			تُسَبَّحْنَ tusabbaḥna	يُسَبَّحْنَ yusabbaḥna

References

• Al-Zamakhsharī, Asās al-Balāgha (d. 1143 CE) أساس البلاغة للزمخشري
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “سبح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 275–276
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “سبح”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1289
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “سبح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 457

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ب ح
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic سَبَحَ (sabaḥa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.baħ/, [ˈsa.baħ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Verb

سبح • (sabaḥ) I (present بسبح (bisbaḥ))

1. to swim

   الناس عم تسبح في البحر.

   in-nās ʔam tisbaḥ fi-l-baḥar

   People are swimming in the sea.

Conjugation

Conjugation of سبح (sabaḥ)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سبحت (sabaḥt)	سبحت (sabaḥt)	سبح (sabaḥ)		سبحنا (sabaḥna)	سبحتو (sabaḥtu)	سبحو (sabaḥu)
	f		سبحتي (sabaḥti)	سبحت (sabḥat)
present	m	بسبح (basbaḥ)	بتسبح (btisbaḥ)	بسبح (bisbaḥ)		منسبح (mnisbaḥ)	بتسبحو (btisbaḥu)	بسبحو (bisbaḥu)
	f		بتسبحي (btisbaḥi)	بتسبح (btisbaḥ)
subjunctive	m	أسبح (ʔasbaḥ)	تسبح (tisbaḥ)	يسبح (yisbaḥ)		نسبح (nisbaḥ)	تسبحو (tisbaḥu)	يسبحو (yisbaḥu)
	f		تسبحي (tisbaḥi)	تسبح (tisbaḥ)
imperative	m		اسبح (isbaḥ)				اسبحو (isbaḥu)
	f		اسبحي (isbaḥi)