سراب

See also: شراب, سراي, سرای, سران, and شران

Arabic

Etymology

Root
س ر ب (s-r-b)

From سَرِبَ (sariba, “to flow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.raːb/

Noun

سَرَاب • (sarāb) m

1. mirage, fata morgana
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 24:39:

     وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَعْمَالُهُمْ كَسَرَابٍ بِقِيعَةٍ يَحْسَبُهُ ٱلظَّمْآنُ مَاءً حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَاءَهُ لَمْ يَجِدْهُ شَيْئًا وَوَجَدَ ٱللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ فَوَفَّاهُ حِسَابَهُ. وَٱللَّهُ سَرِيعُ ٱلْحِسَابِ.

     wallaḏīna kafarū ʔaʕmāluhum kasarābin biqīʕatin yaḥsabuhu ẓ-ẓamʔānu māʔan ḥattā ʔiḏā jāʔahu lam yajidhu šayʔan wawajada l-laha ʕindahu fawaffāhu ḥisābahu. wal-lahu sarīʕu l-ḥisābi.

     As for the faithless, their works are like a mirage in a plain, which the thirsty man supposes to be water. When he comes to it, he finds it to be nothing; but there he finds God, who will pay him his full account, and God is swift at reckoning.

2. phantom
3. sewage

Declension

Declension of noun سَرَاب (sarāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَرَاب sarāb	السَّرَاب as-sarāb	سَرَاب sarāb
Nominative	سَرَابٌ sarābun	السَّرَابُ as-sarābu	سَرَابُ sarābu
Accusative	سَرَابًا sarāban	السَّرَابَ as-sarāba	سَرَابَ sarāba
Genitive	سَرَابٍ sarābin	السَّرَابِ as-sarābi	سَرَابِ sarābi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: sərab
• → Persian: سراب
  • → Urdu: سراب
• → Ottoman Turkish: سراب
  • Turkish: serap
• → Uzbek: sarob

Chagatai

Noun

سراب (serab)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَاب (sarāb, “mirage”).

Noun

سراب • (serab)

1. mirage, an optical phenomenon giving the illusion of a body of water

Derived terms

• سرابستان (serabistan, “place of mirage”)

Descendants

• Turkish: serap

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “serap”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 4151
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “سراب”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 670
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “سراب”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[2], Vienna, column 2577
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “سراب”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1047

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَاب (sarāb).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.ˈɾɑːβ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾɑ́ːb]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾɑ́ːb]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾɑ́ːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾɔ́ːb̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæ.ɹɒ́ːb̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.ɾɔ́b]

Readings
Classical reading?	sarāḇ
Dari reading?	sarāb
Iranian reading?	sarâb
Tajik reading?	sarob

Noun

سراب • (sarâb)

1. mirage
   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 432”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[4]:

     حافظ چه می‌نهی دل تو در خیال خوبان
     کی تشنه سیر گردد از لمعه سرابی

     hāfiz či mē-nihī dil-i tu dar xayāl-i xūbān
     kay tišna sēr gardad az la'ma-yi sarābē

     Hāfiz, why do you set your heart on daydreams of beauties?
     How shall a thirsty man become sated by the flash of a mirage?

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• سرابستان (sarâbestân)

 

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic سَرَاب (sarāb).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sə.ɾɑːb/
• Rhymes: -ɑːb

Noun

سراب • (sarāb) m (Hindi spelling सराब)

1. mirage, apparition, illusion

Declension

Declension of سراب
	singular	plural
direct	سراب (sarāb)	سراب (sarāb)
oblique	سراب (sarāb)	سرابوں (sarābō̃)
vocative	سراب (sarāb)	سرابو (sarābō)