لبن

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Semitic *laban-, from the root ل ب ن (l-b-n). Cognate to Hebrew לָבָן (laván, “white”), Ugaritic 𐎍𐎁𐎐 (lbn), and Phoenician 𐤋𐤁𐤍 (lbn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la.ban/

Noun

لَبَن • (laban) m (plural أَلْبَان (ʔalbān) or لِبَان (libān))

1. (uncountable, Standard Arabic and Egypt colloquial) milk

   لَا تَأْكُلِ السَّمَكَ وَتَشْرَبَ اللَّبَنَ

   lā taʔkuli s-samaka watašraba al-labana

   Do not eat fish and drink milk at the same time.

2. (uncountable, Levantine, Iraq, Peninsula) coagulated sour milk; yogurt (often strained yogurt); “leban”

   Synonyms: زَبَادِيّ (zabādiyy) (the original Egyptian word formed from زِبْدَة (zibda, “butter”)), لَبَن رَائِب (laban rāʔib) (specified to avoid confusion), رَوْب (rawb) (strictly curdled milk), يُوغُورْت (yūḡūrt), مَاسْت (māst) (Classical Arabic), جُغْرَات ~ صُقْرَاط (juḡrāt ~ ṣuqrāṭ) (Classical Arabic)

3. (uncountable, Kuwait, Morocco, Algeria) coagulated milk drink specifically (i.e. excluding yoghurt); yoghurt or buttermilk drink.
4. اَلْأَلْبَان (al-ʔalbān): dairy products

Declension

Declension of noun لَبَن (laban)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لَبَن laban	اللَّبَن al-laban	لَبَن laban
Nominative	لَبَنٌ labanun	اللَّبَنُ al-labanu	لَبَنُ labanu
Accusative	لَبَنًا labanan	اللَّبَنَ al-labana	لَبَنَ labana
Genitive	لَبَنٍ labanin	اللَّبَنِ al-labani	لَبَنِ labani
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لَبَنَيْن labanayn	اللَّبَنَيْن al-labanayn	لَبَنَيْ labanay
Nominative	لَبَنَانِ labanāni	اللَّبَنَانِ al-labanāni	لَبَنَا labanā
Accusative	لَبَنَيْنِ labanayni	اللَّبَنَيْنِ al-labanayni	لَبَنَيْ labanay
Genitive	لَبَنَيْنِ labanayni	اللَّبَنَيْنِ al-labanayni	لَبَنَيْ labanay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَلْبَان‎; لِبَان ʔalbān‎; libān	الْأَلْبَان‎; اللِّبَان al-ʔalbān‎; al-libān	أَلْبَان‎; لِبَان ʔalbān‎; libān
Nominative	أَلْبَانٌ‎; لِبَانٌ ʔalbānun‎; libānun	الْأَلْبَانُ‎; اللِّبَانُ al-ʔalbānu‎; al-libānu	أَلْبَانُ‎; لِبَانُ ʔalbānu‎; libānu
Accusative	أَلْبَانًا‎; لِبَانًا ʔalbānan‎; libānan	الْأَلْبَانَ‎; اللِّبَانَ al-ʔalbāna‎; al-libāna	أَلْبَانَ‎; لِبَانَ ʔalbāna‎; libāna
Genitive	أَلْبَانٍ‎; لِبَانٍ ʔalbānin‎; libānin	الْأَلْبَانِ‎; اللِّبَانِ al-ʔalbāni‎; al-libāni	أَلْبَانِ‎; لِبَانِ ʔalbāni‎; libāni

Synonyms

• حَلِيب (ḥalīb)

Descendants

• Gulf Arabic: لِبَن (liban)
• Iraqi Arabic: لِبَن (liban)

Etymology 2

As Hebrew לְבֵנָה (ləḇenā́, “brick”) borrowed from Aramaic לְבִינְּתָּא (ləḇinṯā, ləḇittā) (written in Classical Syriac ܠܒܬܐ (ləḇettā)), from Akkadian 𒋞 (SIG₄ /⁠libittu⁠/), whence also Ugaritic 𐎍𐎁𐎐𐎚 (lbnt), from the root in Akkadian corresponding to ل ب ن (l-b-n), apparently the singulative in Arabic came first.

Noun

لِبْن or لَبِن • (libn or labin) m (collective, singulative لِبْنَة f (libna) or لَبِنَة (labina))

1. bricks, adobes

Declension

Declension of noun لِبْن (libn)‎; لَبِن (labin)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لِبْن‎; لَبِن libn‎; labin	اللِّبْن‎; اللَّبِن al-libn‎; al-labin	لِبْن‎; لَبِن libn‎; labin
Nominative	لِبْنٌ‎; لَبِنٌ libnun‎; labinun	اللِّبْنُ‎; اللَّبِنُ al-libnu‎; al-labinu	لِبْنُ‎; لَبِنُ libnu‎; labinu
Accusative	لِبْنًا‎; لَبِنًا libnan‎; labinan	اللِّبْنَ‎; اللَّبِنَ al-libna‎; al-labina	لِبْنَ‎; لَبِنَ libna‎; labina
Genitive	لِبْنٍ‎; لَبِنٍ libnin‎; labinin	اللِّبْنِ‎; اللَّبِنِ al-libni‎; al-labini	لِبْنِ‎; لَبِنِ libni‎; labini
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لِبْنَة‎; لَبِنَة libna‎; labina	اللِّبْنَة‎; اللَّبِنَة al-libna‎; al-labina	لِبْنَة‎; لَبِنَة libnat‎; labinat
Nominative	لِبْنَةٌ‎; لَبِنَةٌ libnatun‎; labinatun	اللِّبْنَةُ‎; اللَّبِنَةُ al-libnatu‎; al-labinatu	لِبْنَةُ‎; لَبِنَةُ libnatu‎; labinatu
Accusative	لِبْنَةً‎; لَبِنَةً libnatan‎; labinatan	اللِّبْنَةَ‎; اللَّبِنَةَ al-libnata‎; al-labinata	لِبْنَةَ‎; لَبِنَةَ libnata‎; labinata
Genitive	لِبْنَةٍ‎; لَبِنَةٍ libnatin‎; labinatin	اللِّبْنَةِ‎; اللَّبِنَةِ al-libnati‎; al-labinati	لِبْنَةِ‎; لَبِنَةِ libnati‎; labinati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لِبْنَتَيْن‎; لَبِنَتَيْن libnatayn‎; labinatayn	اللِّبْنَتَيْن‎; اللَّبِنَتَيْن al-libnatayn‎; al-labinatayn	لِبْنَتَيْ‎; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay‎; labinatay
Nominative	لِبْنَتَانِ‎; لَبِنَتَانِ libnatāni‎; labinatāni	اللِّبْنَتَانِ‎; اللَّبِنَتَانِ al-libnatāni‎; al-labinatāni	لِبْنَتَا‎; لَبِنَتَا libnatā‎; labinatā
Accusative	لِبْنَتَيْنِ‎; لَبِنَتَيْنِ libnatayni‎; labinatayni	اللِّبْنَتَيْنِ‎; اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ al-libnatayni‎; al-labinatayni	لِبْنَتَيْ‎; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay‎; labinatay
Genitive	لِبْنَتَيْنِ‎; لَبِنَتَيْنِ libnatayni‎; labinatayni	اللِّبْنَتَيْنِ‎; اللَّبِنَتَيْنِ al-libnatayni‎; al-labinatayni	لِبْنَتَيْ‎; لَبِنَتَيْ libnatay‎; labinatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	لِبْنَات‎; لَبِنَات libnāt‎; labināt	اللِّبْنَات‎; اللَّبِنَات al-libnāt‎; al-labināt	لِبْنَات‎; لَبِنَات libnāt‎; labināt
Nominative	لِبْنَاتٌ‎; لَبِنَاتٌ libnātun‎; labinātun	اللِّبْنَاتُ‎; اللَّبِنَاتُ al-libnātu‎; al-labinātu	لِبْنَاتُ‎; لَبِنَاتُ libnātu‎; labinātu
Accusative	لِبْنَاتٍ‎; لَبِنَاتٍ libnātin‎; labinātin	اللِّبْنَاتِ‎; اللَّبِنَاتِ al-libnāti‎; al-labināti	لِبْنَاتِ‎; لَبِنَاتِ libnāti‎; labināti
Genitive	لِبْنَاتٍ‎; لَبِنَاتٍ libnātin‎; labinātin	اللِّبْنَاتِ‎; اللَّبِنَاتِ al-libnāti‎; al-labināti	لِبْنَاتِ‎; لَبِنَاتِ libnāti‎; labināti

Etymology 3

Denominal verb of لَبِن (labin, “brick”).

Verb

لَبَّنَ • (labbana) II, non-past يُلَبِّنُ‎ (yulabbinu)

1. to make brick

Conjugation

Conjugation of

لَبَّنَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَلْبِين talbīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُلَبِّن mulabbin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُلَبَّن mulabban
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	لَبَّنْتُ labbantu	لَبَّنْتَ labbanta	لَبَّنَ labbana		لَبَّنْتُمَا labbantumā	لَبَّنَا labbanā		لَبَّنَّا labbannā	لَبَّنْتُمْ labbantum	لَبَّنُوا labbanū
	f		لَبَّنْتِ labbanti	لَبَّنَتْ labbanat			لَبَّنَتَا labbanatā			لَبَّنْتُنَّ labbantunna	لَبَّنَّ labbanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُلَبِّنُ ʔulabbinu	تُلَبِّنُ tulabbinu	يُلَبِّنُ yulabbinu		تُلَبِّنَانِ tulabbināni	يُلَبِّنَانِ yulabbināni		نُلَبِّنُ nulabbinu	تُلَبِّنُونَ tulabbinūna	يُلَبِّنُونَ yulabbinūna
	f		تُلَبِّنِينَ tulabbinīna	تُلَبِّنُ tulabbinu			تُلَبِّنَانِ tulabbināni			تُلَبِّنَّ tulabbinna	يُلَبِّنَّ yulabbinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُلَبِّنَ ʔulabbina	تُلَبِّنَ tulabbina	يُلَبِّنَ yulabbina		تُلَبِّنَا tulabbinā	يُلَبِّنَا yulabbinā		نُلَبِّنَ nulabbina	تُلَبِّنُوا tulabbinū	يُلَبِّنُوا yulabbinū
	f		تُلَبِّنِي tulabbinī	تُلَبِّنَ tulabbina			تُلَبِّنَا tulabbinā			تُلَبِّنَّ tulabbinna	يُلَبِّنَّ yulabbinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُلَبِّنْ ʔulabbin	تُلَبِّنْ tulabbin	يُلَبِّنْ yulabbin		تُلَبِّنَا tulabbinā	يُلَبِّنَا yulabbinā		نُلَبِّنْ nulabbin	تُلَبِّنُوا tulabbinū	يُلَبِّنُوا yulabbinū
	f		تُلَبِّنِي tulabbinī	تُلَبِّنْ tulabbin			تُلَبِّنَا tulabbinā			تُلَبِّنَّ tulabbinna	يُلَبِّنَّ yulabbinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		لَبِّنْ labbin			لَبِّنَا labbinā				لَبِّنُوا labbinū
	f		لَبِّنِي labbinī							لَبِّنَّ labbinna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	لُبِّنَ lubbina		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُلَبَّنُ yulabbanu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُلَبَّنَ yulabbana		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُلَبَّنْ yulabban		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

References

• “lbnh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 4–5
• Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)‎^[1], Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 66

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic لَبَن (laban).

Pronunciation

• (Kuwait) IPA^(key): /ˈlɪ.bən/

Noun

لبن • (liban) m

1. (uncountable) leban, coagulated sour milk; yogurt drink

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”).

Noun

لبن • (leben)

1. milk, a white liquid produced by the mammary glands of female mammals

   Synonyms: حلیب (halib), سوت (süt), شیر (şir)

2. yogurt, leban, a milk-based product stiffened by a bacterium-aided curdling process

   Synonym: یوغورت (yoğurt)

Derived terms

• لبنی (lebeni, “pertaining to milk”)

Descendants

• Turkish: leben

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “leben1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2948
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “leben”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[2] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 651
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “لبن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1074
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Lac”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 898
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لبن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 4147
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لبن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1624

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic لِبْن (libn, “bricks, adobes”).

Noun

لبن • (libn)

1. mudbricks, adobes, unburnt bricks dried in the sun

   Synonym: كرپیچ (kerpiç)

Further reading

click to expand

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Later”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[7], Vienna, column 918
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “لبن”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 4147
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “لبن”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1624

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic لَبَن (laban).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la.ban/, [ˈla.ban]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

Noun

لبن • (lában) m

1. leban, coagulated sour milk
2. yogurt